The lymphatic system can be affected by different diseases, such as lymphadenopathy, lymphadenitis, splenomegaly, filariasis, and lymphedema. Causes range from bacterial and viral infections to parasitic worms and genetic conditions. Treatment options vary and should be discussed with a medical professional.
There are different types and causes of lymphatic system diseases. Some of these diseases, such as lymphadenopathy or lymphadenitis, are caused by bacterial infections, while splenomegaly is caused by a viral infection. A parasitic infection can lead to the development of a lymphatic disease known as filariasis. One of the most common lymphatic diseases is called lymphedema and is caused by a buildup of lymphatic fluid within the body. Specific questions or concerns about any of the various diseases of the lymphatic system should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
Lymphadenopathy is among the lymphatic diseases caused by bacteria. Tender or painful swollen lymph nodes typically occur in the area where the infection originated. For example, an upper respiratory infection or tonsillitis can cause the infection to transfer to the lymph nodes in the neck, while a breast infection, known as mastitis, can lead to swollen lymph nodes under the arm. Prescription antibiotics are usually used to treat this condition.
Lymphadenitis is another of the diseases of the lymphatic system with a bacterial cause. Skin infections are the most common contributor to this type of infection, although other disease processes, such as tuberculosis, may also be the underlying cause. Symptoms and treatment options are similar to those of lymphadenopathy, although you may need to use different types of antibiotics, depending on the type of bacteria causing the infection.
Splenomegaly is one of the diseases of the lymphatic system caused by a viral infection. This disease causes the spleen to enlarge and is usually diagnosed during a routine physical exam. Most people with this condition do not experience any symptoms unless the condition becomes severe at which time severe pain in the lower left region of the abdomen may occur. This pain may indicate a ruptured spleen and requires immediate removal of the organ.
Filiariasis is caused by a parasitic worm and is transmitted by infected mosquitoes. Prescription drugs can usually cure this disease, especially in the early stages. Life-threatening complications, such as a severe fluid buildup known as a hydrocele, may require surgery.
One of the most common diseases of the lymphatic system is known as lymphedema. An abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues can lead to visible swelling of the arms, legs or other areas of the body. Lymphedema can have a variety of causes, including genetic health conditions, infections, or traumatic injuries. Lifestyle modification and the use of prescription drugs are commonly used to treat this condition.
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