Metal can deteriorate through rust, corrosion, abrasion, wear and tear, and chemicals. Metallic coatings protect metal from these factors, with protection value being the first consideration. Coatings can also be used as lubricants or torque agents, for abrasion and impact resistance, and for appearance. Coatings are applied in various ways and formulations, with cost and timeliness being factors. Each coating is designed to produce a coated metal with varying levels of thickness, appearance, and effectiveness.
Like anything in nature, metals are subject to deterioration if not properly protected. Metals can deteriorate through rust and corrosion, abrasion, wear and tear and chemicals. The only method of combating this deterioration is the use of metallic coatings, which is, essentially, painting the metal. What should be known about particular metallic coatings and their application depends on the specific end use of the metal being coated. The metal is designed to withstand the stresses and strains for extended periods, so protecting the metal enhances its effectiveness.
When evaluating metallic coatings, the protection value should be the first consideration. Some coating formulations are specifically designed to protect metal from rust and corrosion, as well as contamination from chemicals and dirt. This is a controlling factor in marine environments, for heavy construction vehicles, trains, aircraft and automotive applications. Weather conditions, petroleum-based lubricants, fuel spills, dirt and grime will all take their toll on unprotected metal.
Some metallic coatings are applied as lubricants or torque agents. Screws, bolts and fasteners are among the metallic elements coated for lubrication and torque, making them easier to unscrew or tighten. In most cases these items are coated with inorganic water based or electroplated coatings where the finished texture and color is of secondary importance.
Abrasion and impact resistance is another factor to consider when considering metallic coatings. A thick protective coating resists the scratches and chips that can result from the occasionally necessary use and abuse of metal equipment and devices. Typically, these liners are a little more flexible than others, able to withstand considerable impact and movement.
Finally, the appearance, or finish, may be a priority when applying metallic coatings. Is color a consideration? Structure? Opacity? Protection and lubrication are very important, but the appearance of the finished product must also be considered. This is especially true for automotive and aircraft metals, where a rough finish measurably disrupts the aerodynamics of these machines. Naturally, color is particularly important in automotive upholstery. The visual pleasure may, after all, be of equal importance as longevity and fuel economy.
Metallic coatings are applied in a variety of ways and using a variety of formulations and vehicles. Cost, therefore, is always a factor, as is timeliness of application and curing. Metal can be sprayed with liquid or powder paints. It can be dipped into a coating or electroplated formulation, all in addition to a number of other methods. In summary, each coating application and formulation is designed to produce a coated metal in varying times, at varying cost and varying levels of thickness, appearance, and effectiveness.
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