Metatarsal neuroma is a growth of nerve tissue on one of the five metatarsals in the foot, causing pain, burning sensations, and numbness. It is caused by pressure from tight shoes, high heels, or physical activity. Treatment includes rest, comfortable shoes, medication, and surgery in severe cases.
Metatarsal neuroma is a common cause of foot pain in athletes and people who wear tight, ill-fitting shoes. It refers to an unusual growth of nerve tissue along one of the five metatarsals, the long bones in the foot that connect to the bases of the toes. In most cases, a metatarsal neuroma mass appears between the third and fourth toes and affects only one foot. People with the disorder tend to experience pain, burning sensations, and numbness in their feet that gets worse during physical activity. Most cases can be relieved with rest and wearing more comfortable shoes, although medication and surgery may be required in severe cases.
The cause of metatarsal neuroma isn’t always easy to identify, but several factors can be involved. Athletes and runners who engage in rigorous physical activity on a daily basis can develop neuromas from constant pressure on their feet. Wearing high heels or very tight shoes can also contribute to excessive foot pressure. In some cases, an acute foot injury may precede the development of a metatarsal neuroma. Finally, people who have flat feet or ankle problems are predisposed to metatarsal nerve damage.
Metatarsal neuroma usually develops gradually over the course of several weeks or months. A person may notice pain or tingling in the ball of their foot soon after completing a run or working on their feet all day. Early symptoms are usually relieved by removing the shoe and resting the foot. Over time, the symptoms tend to become more pronounced and chronic. An untreated case can result in constant, almost debilitating pain, making it very difficult to stand and walk.
A doctor can diagnose metatarsal neuroma by asking about symptoms, activity levels, and shoe choices. Your doctor may press on different areas of your toes and foot to identify the most sensitive area. X-rays may also be taken to check for bone defects and other abnormalities. After confirming the diagnosis, your doctor can discuss different treatment options.
Most patients with relatively mild foot pain are encouraged to rest for several days and invest in soft, comfortable shoes. Gel inserts can provide additional cushioning and protection when a person is ready to get back on their feet. Your doctor may also suggest taking over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications to help manage your symptoms during your recovery phase.
If pain returns or worsens despite conservative treatment, your doctor may decide to inject a corticosteroid directly into the affected toe to reduce pain and swelling right away. Surgery is only considered if other treatments fail to bring relief. A specialist can locate and remove the mass of nerve tissue and repair the surrounding tissue. If the problem is related to a bone deformity, additional surgery may be required. Months of rest and guided physical therapy are often required after surgery before a patient can return to normal activity levels.
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