Environmental remediation techniques include pumping and treatment, surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation, excavation and dredging, in situ oxidation, and soil vapor extraction. These methods are used to remove contaminants from water and soil to ensure compliance with federal and state laws and minimize impact on the environment. The pump and treat method is commonly used for contaminated groundwater, while SEAR is used when other methods fail. Excavation and dredging are common for contaminated land, while in situ oxidation and soil vapor extraction are used for both water and soil contamination.
There are several common types of environmental remediation techniques: pumping and treatment, surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation, excavation and dredging, in situ oxidation, and soil vapor extraction. Remediation work becomes necessary when some aspect of the environment, usually water or soil, becomes so polluted or contaminated that it impacts public health and safety, necessitating the removal of the contaminants. Most companies use the latest remediation technologies to ensure that the work being performed complies with federal and state laws and has minimal impact on humans, animals and the environment.
When groundwater becomes contaminated, many remediation companies will first try to remedy the problem using the pump and treat technique. This involves using a vacuum pump which removes the water before it is taken in for purification. After the purification process, the groundwater is then returned to the general area from which it was taken, allowing it to fall back into the ground. The pump and treat method is commonly used to extract high levels of contaminants in a relatively short time.
Remediation services may employ surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation, or SEAR, when dealing with contaminated water. This type of remediation is also referred to as solubilization and recovery. In this process some chemical agents are introduced into the water which degrade the harmful elements and prevent their absorption. SEAR is typically undertaken when other repair techniques have failed to provide satisfactory results.
Excavation or dredging are among the most common remediation techniques for contaminated land. This process involves transporting the polluted material to a specialized landfill, where it is safely disposed of. If volatile organic compounds are discovered in the soil, the excavation or dredging procedure may also involve aeration of the offending soil.
In situ oxidation methods are used for the remediation of both water and soil contaminations. In situ is Latin for “in place,” which differentiates this technique from many others. Instead of cleaning and purifying contaminated material in a different location, in situ oxidation cleans the material right where it is. This is achieved by introducing oxidizing agents into the water or soil, which decompose and remove pollutants or impurities.
One of the most commonly used in situ oxidation remediation techniques is soil vapor extraction. Soil vapor extraction involves the removal of a contaminant from the soil using vacuum pressure. During the extraction process, the pollutant is broken down into air or vapor to facilitate its disposal.
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