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Myxedema coma is a serious complication of hypothyroidism, characterized by a loss of brain function. Symptoms include weakness, low blood pressure, confusion, and breathing difficulties. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment, including intravenous fluids and thyroid hormones. People with hypothyroidism should take their medications as prescribed to avoid the onset of physical symptoms.
A myxedema coma is a loss or decrease in brain function and is a serious complication of hypothyroidism. One of the main purposes of the thyroid gland is to produce adequate amounts of thyroid hormone. When the production of thyroid hormones is extremely low, a condition known as hypothyroidism occurs. The results of this underactive thyroid disease can range from mild to very severe. A myxedema coma is among the more serious results of hypothyroidism.
There are instances where a person will enter a myxedema coma with no prior history of a thyroid disorder. These incidences are quite rare. In most cases, a person will have a known case of a thyroid-related condition, the most common being hypothyroidism. Also, recent surgery, especially on the thyroid gland, a cardiovascular condition, or a recent infection may be other precursors to this event.
Symptoms leading to a myxedema coma can come on suddenly. The person may experience a loss of energy and become increasingly weak. You may also experience a dramatic drop in blood pressure and body temperature. Some people may become confused and start hallucinating. Breathing difficulties may be some of the last and most serious symptoms and the person may pass out due to the difficulties.
To make an accurate diagnosis of myxedema coma, certain medical tests may be administered. A blood test is usually done to analyze the levels of thyroid hormone in the body. The test can also be used to check how other organs in the body are working. A cardiovascular test such as an electrocardiogram (EKG) can be used to test the function of the heart. Tests may also be conducted to check brain function.
A myxedema coma is a medical emergency. It has the potential to become life-threatening, so immediate medical treatment is needed. Doctors can do a variety of things to treat a person in this state. Antibiotics may be given to prevent an infection from occurring. Most people will receive intravenous fluids and medications promptly. Thyroid hormones can be given intravenously to rapidly raise significantly low levels of thyroid hormones.
To reduce the chances of slipping into a myxedema coma, people with hypothyroidism should take their medications as prescribed. It is important never to miss a dose, as this could lead to the onset of physical symptoms. If a person has reason to believe they may have hypothyroidism, an appointment with a doctor should be made. Your doctor can order the necessary tests and plan a course of treatment if needed. Many people with a thyroid disorder have frequent blood tests, which will be done to ensure that thyroid hormone levels remain within a safe range.
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