The Seminole Native American tribe, descendants of the Creek, have been traced back 12,000 years. After conflicts with the US military, some moved to Oklahoma, while others survived in the Florida Everglades. The Seminole Tribe of Florida was incorporated in 1957 and found success in business by opening smoke shops and high-stakes bingo halls. Today, they provide modern housing, healthcare, and education to members and are headquartered in Hollywood, Florida. Other tribal groups include the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida.
The Seminole are a Native American tribe primarily concentrated in the state of Florida in the United States. Members of the Seminole Native American tribe are descendants of the Creek, a Native American tribe common to both Georgia and Alabama, and their native language is Muskcogee. Researchers have found that the Seminole tribe can be traced back 12,000 years. When the Spanish arrived in America in 1513, there were more than 200,000 Seminole living in the area that is now Florida. According to official tribe records, members of the Seminole Native American Tribe are descendants of Florida Natives, who over time intermingled with various other ethnic groups, including Creek, Hitchiti, Apalachee, and escaped slaves. Part of this group later moved to Oklahoma, where they still reside.
From 1819 to 1842, after Florida became part of the United States, there was a series of conflicts between the Native American Seminole tribe and the US military. The Seminole population fell, with groups splitting up and moving to Oklahoma. The Seminoles who remained in Florida survived primarily by living in the swamps of the Florida Everglades until the 1930s, when they were allowed to move onto federally owned land. The Seminole Tribe of Florida was incorporated in 1957. Tribal leaders drafted a tribal constitution and created a system of self-government through a tribal council. The Seminole Tribe of Florida, Inc. was also created to manage all business ventures related to the Seminole Native American Tribe.
The Seminole tribe first found success in business by opening smoke shops in 1977, in Hollywood, Florida. These stores allowed the Seminoles to sell discounted, tax-free tobacco products. This was followed by the opening of the tribe’s first high-stakes bingo hall. Over time, the Seminole casino and gaming infrastructure has grown, and tribal records indicate that they employ more than 7,000 casino and hotel staff. The tribe is also known as the first to capture stone crabs for food.
The Native American Seminoles Tribe provides tribe members with modern housing and health care, and tribal records indicate that the tribe spends more than $1 million United States Dollars (USD) on education each year. Tribal government is exempt from US federal and state taxes, but individual members are not exempt. Today, the tribe is headquartered in Hollywood, Florida, but continues to hold lands in other areas, including Big Cypress and the Brighton Seminole Indian Reservation. Other tribal groups that arose from the original Seminole Native American tribe include the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, the Everglades Miccosukee Tribe of Seminole Indians, and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida – also federally recognized tribes independent of the Seminole Tribe of the Florida.
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