The Native Sioux Nation is composed of three bands: the Santee, Yankton, and Lakota. They choose leaders by nobility or birthright and were highly skilled in hunting and warfare. The Dakota War of 1862 resulted in the largest mass execution in US history.
Native Sioux is a term used to describe any ethnic group within the entire Great Sioux Nation. The Sioux are primarily composed of three bands or divisions based on the Sioux dialect. The Santee, Yankton and The Lakota are the three bands that make up the Sioux Nation. One of the best-known native Sioux chiefs was a chief known as Sitting Bull.
The Santee or Eastern Dakota people reside in far eastern Dakota, Minnesota, and northern Iowa. The Yankton or Yanktonai or Western Dakota reside in the Minnesota River area; these tribes are generally referred to as the Middle Sioux. The Lakota are the westernmost Sioux and are known for their hunting and warrior culture. Today the Native Sioux are made up of many separate tribal governments spread across different reservations and reservations in the Dakotas, Nebraska, Minnesota and Montana in the United States. In Canada, the native Sioux reside in Manitoba and southern Saskatchewan.
Native Sioux Indians choose leaders by nobility or birthright. This means that any son of a previous leader could become a boss one day. Traits such as courage, wisdom, and virtue were also used to decide a leader’s merits. Tribal chiefs decide on tribal hunts, camp movement, and warfare. Within the tribe, young men join societies to improve their position in the tribe.
The first European record of native Sioux identified them in Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin. Once introduced to the horse in the 18th century, the native Sioux were able to spread. The Sioux dominated vast tracts of land. The areas of central Canada up to the Platte River and from Minnesota to the Yellowstone River, including the Powder River territory, were all controlled by Native Sioux Warriors.
The Sioux Indians were highly skilled in hunting and warfare. They subsisted on buffalo meat and corn and extended their control as far east as the Eastern Rockies. They were feared by the settlers and often driven out of the Calvary of the United States. Much of the early history of the United States reflects the Sioux conflict.
The Dakota War of 1862 was the result of a failed harvest and late payment by the US government to the Indians. Local white creditors refused to give any credit to the starving Indians. The Indians rioted in an attempt to feed themselves. As a result of those riots, President Abraham Lincoln signed off on the largest mass execution in US history. In Mankato, Minnesota, 38 Sioux men were hanged for the rape and murder of whites. No witnesses or attorneys were allowed to speak for the Sioux, and most were convicted in less than five minutes before a judge.
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