Androgen levels vary with age, gender, and other factors. Testosterone levels in adult males can range from 270-1,080 ng/dL, while females typically have 70 ng/dL or less. Abnormal levels can cause health problems and affect development. Low androgen levels can cause reduced muscle mass, sexual dysfunction, and other issues.
Normal androgen levels in a human vary with gender, age, and other factors. Androgens, a category that includes chemicals such as testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone, are hormones responsible for producing male sex characteristics, a process called virilization. They are also present in smaller quantities in females. Normal levels of the primary androgen, testosterone, in adult males can be as low as 270 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL) and as high as 1,080 ng/dL, depending on age, while females typically have 70 ng/dL. dL or less. Abnormal levels of androgens can cause health problems and other abnormalities in both men and women, and too much or too little androgen in infancy or in utero can affect development.
Androgen levels in males peak between the ages of 20 and 40, when testosterone levels can rise as high as 1,080 ng/dL. It decreases between 350 and 890 ng/dL in the next two decades of life and between 350 and 720 ng/dL after age 60. Prepubertal boys usually have less than 30 ng/dL, but rise to between 100 and 540 ng/dL in the mid-teens and up to 970 ng/dL in the late teens. This change leads to maturation of the reproductive organs, along with other physical changes such as increased muscle mass, increased facial and body hair, and a deeper voice.
Women normally have much lower amounts of androgens in their bodies, but are physiologically more sensitive to them. Premenopausal adult women have normal testosterone levels between 10 and 70 ng/day. This amount usually triples or quadruples during pregnancy and drops to less than 40 ng/dL after menopause. Prepubertal girls typically have less than 10 ng/dL, rising to 8-53 ng/dL during adolescence. Abnormally high amounts of androgens in a woman’s body can cause the development of masculine secondary sexual traits such as a deeper voice, increased muscle mass, and increased growth of facial and body hair, as well as symptoms such as acne and abnormalities menstrual.
Androgens in the uterus, and in particular dihydrotestosterone, have an important influence on fetal development, causing the development of the penis, scrotum and other components of the male reproductive system. Abnormal levels of androgens can cause abnormalities of sexual development such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, in which a genetically female child develops partially male characteristics or ambiguous genitalia. In childhood, abnormal androgen levels can cause delayed or early puberty.
Some men’s bodies produce abnormally low levels of testosterone or other androgens, a condition called hypogonadism. The most common symptoms include reduced muscle mass, reduced beard and body hair growth, and sexual dysfunction such as impotence or infertility. Hypogonadism has a variety of potential causes including genetics, infection, and malnutrition. The most common congenital cause of hypogonadism in males is Klinefelter syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome.
The effects of low androgen levels in women are less dramatic, but can include loss of sex drive. In both genders, decreased androgen production and especially decreased testosterone production can cause depression, anxiety, or obesity. It also increases your risk of developing conditions like heart disease and osteoporosis.
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