X-rays were discovered by German scientist Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen in 1895. The Civil Works Administration was established by US President Franklin Roosevelt in 1933 to create jobs during the Great Depression, but was terminated in 1934. Hitler’s failed coup attempt, the “Beer Hall Putsch,” took place in 1923. The Murder Act 1965 abolished the death penalty in England, but it was not fully abolished until 1998. The Louvre opened in Paris in 1793. Montana became the 41st state of the US in 1889. Britain successfully detonated its first hydrogen bomb in 1957. The Oxford University library opened to the public in 1602. The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was established in 1935 and merged with another union organization in 1955 to form the AFL-CIO.
A German scientist discovered X-rays. (1895) Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen, a German physicist, accidentally discovered X-rays while testing cathode rays. He noticed a glow on a chemically coated screen as he attempted to shine a cathode ray through the glass. He called it “x-ray” because he didn’t know what it was.
The Civil Works Administration (CWA) is established. (1933) US President Franklin Roosevelt established the organization during the Great Depression as part of the “New Deal”. The administration created millions of jobs for unemployed Americans, though most were temporary. In 1934, the CWA was terminated because it was costing the government too much money, about US$200 million a month.
Hitler launched his first campaign to seize power in Germany, and it failed. (1923) The “Beer Hall Putsch” was a failed coup attempt that Hitler launched during a meeting of Bavarian government officials in a beer hall. Hitler entered with armed Nazi soldiers and forced the officials at gunpoint to support his new regime plan. The next day, officials withdrew their forced support and Hitler was arrested. He was convicted of treason and served nine months of a five-year sentence, during which time he wrote his autobiography, Mein Kampf.
The Murder Act 1965 was passed in the UK. (1965) The act abolished the death penalty in England, replacing it with a mandatory life sentence. The act did not include certain capital offenses, such as high treason. The death penalty was not fully abolished until 1998 with the passage of the Crime and Disorder Act. The last execution in England, however, took place in 1964.
The Louvre has opened in Paris. (1793) The Louvre is now one of the largest museums in the world and has more visitors each year than any other museum in the world.
US President Grover Cleveland became the first US president to be elected to two non-consecutive terms. (1892) President Cleveland defeated incumbent President Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd president of the United States. President Cleveland was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States.
Montana became the 41st state of the United States. (1889) Montana’s admission to the Union was part of an omnibus package that included South and North Dakota and the state of Washington.
Britain has successfully detonated its first hydrogen bomb. (1957) The test, called “Operation Grapple X”, was conducted on Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. It was a little more powerful than they expected and caused damage to infrastructure and destroyed some buildings on the island.
The Oxford University library has been opened to the public. (1602) Today, the Bodleian Library is one of the largest research libraries in the world and one of the oldest in Europe. It generally functions as a reference library and does not allow removal of materials.
The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) is born. (1935) The CIO was a labor organization operating in the United States and Canada. It merged with another union organization in 1955 to found the AFL-CIO, which is today the largest union organization in the United States and includes international member unions.
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