Orthodox theology is the study of God from the perspective of Eastern European and Middle Eastern Christianity. Differences with Catholic theology have led to schisms, including the nature of God, Christ, the Eucharist, and salvation. Orthodox theology holds that God, Christ, and the Holy Spirit are three separate beings sharing the same essence, and that Christ is 100% human and 100% God. They also use leavened bread in the Eucharist and believe that salvation is achieved through working with God.
Orthodox theology is the study of God from the perspective of Orthodox Christian scholars. Also known as Greek and Eastern Orthodox, the Orthodox Church is the Eastern European and Middle Eastern branch of Christianity. There are a number of theological differences between Orthodox and Catholic theology. At first glance, many appear to be minor differences of opinion, but over the centuries these differences have led to schisms and disintegrations between the two churches. These differences include the nature of God, the nature of Christ, the Eucharist and the salvation of man.
Orthodox theology is as old as Christian theology. Many of the principles still followed by Orthodox Christians – for example, the nature of Christ – are the same as those of the early Christians. It also covers, geographically, the area where Christianity was born. It is centered on the Greek Eastern Mediterranean, which was originally the Eastern Roman Empire centered around Constantinople. His power and influence waned as territories were lost, first to the Persian Empire, then to the Muslim Caliphate, and finally to the Ottoman Turks. Orthodox theology is still studied in Christian communities in Greece, parts of the Balkans, Eastern European countries such as Russia, and in small communities in the Middle East.
Orthodox theology holds that God, Christ and the Holy Spirit are three separate beings, but sharing the same common essence. The theology also holds to the original Greek draft of the Nicene Creed which stated that the Holy Spirit came from God. The Latin text, however, stated that the Holy Spirit came from God and Christ, in an addition known as the Filioque. This difference, as well as the nature of the trinity, led to the schism of 1054.
Because Christ and God share the same essence, the nature of Christ is an important part of Orthodox theology. For Orthodox Christians, Christ is 100% human and 100% God. They believe in Christ that he lived, that he sacrificed himself for mankind and that he was resurrected on the third day.
In terms of the Eucharist, Orthodox theology agrees with Catholic theology in that the bread and wine are literally transformed into the body and blood of Christ during transubstantiation. However, I disagree on the type of bread used. Orthodox theology holds that leavened bread, bread made with leaven, should be used in such a way that the leavening effect represents the Holy Spirit.
Another important part of Orthodox theology is the idea of \u200b\u200bsalvation. Orthodox theology has not adopted the ideas of Augustine of Hippo, therefore it retains the earlier belief that Christ died in order to restore humanity’s place in the world to the same level as before the fall of Adam and Eve. Orthodox theologians believe that God is merciful and grants salvation to those who will accept it and who work with God to achieve it.
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