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Stretch marks, or striae gravidarum, are common during and after pregnancy and are caused by hormonal fluctuations and weight gain. Topical creams do not prevent their formation, but managing weight, staying hydrated, and taking supplements like vitamin E can help. Cosmetic surgery may be an option for those experiencing discomfort.
Striae gravidarum are marks that form during and after pregnancy, known colloquially as “stretch marks”. The severity and location of the marks can vary by patient and a number of factors. Studies on the subject suggest that topical creams and other applications do not appear to have an impact on the formation of marks and how quickly they fade. Once the marks appear, they will always be there, although they may become less visible over time.
The precise mechanisms behind the formation of striae gravidarum are not well understood, although researchers suggest they may have something to do with hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy that could undermine collagen bonds. As the fetus grows and the woman gains weight, lines of atrophied skin may begin to appear. They may be dark purple or red at first and fade to pale white or silver over time. Striae gravidarum may also acquire a slightly shiny appearance and may spread to the abdomen and thighs.
Women with a family history of severe stretch marks are more likely to experience them in pregnancy, as are women who gain significant weight. Late gestational age at delivery and a large baby can also contribute to stria gravis. Younger women also tend to experience more intense signs. With successive pregnancies, the network of lines can become more extensive.
Prevention of striae gravidarum can include managing your weight during pregnancy, eating right and staying hydrated to keep your skin supple, and considering supplements that may benefit skin health, such as vitamin E. Although research doesn’t necessarily support the use of topical applications, the gentle massage can promote circulation and can reduce the formation of halos. Experimental drugs under development could supplement collagen or prevent skin atrophy in other ways.
Sagging skin, stretching, and other changes during pregnancy are not uncommon. Keeping the skin supple can help, as can engaging in appropriate exercise to keep fit and continuing exercise throughout the postpartum period to encourage the body to recover smoothly from the changes associated with pregnancy. For patients experiencing discomfort from striae gravis or other skin changes, cosmetic surgery may potentially be an option, depending on the location and nature of the change. Surgical consultations to discuss options are often free or low-cost to allow patients to thoroughly explore all of their options before making a decision about which treatment, if any, they wish to pursue.
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