Radiation physicists ensure the safe and effective operation of medical devices that use radiation sources. They monitor radiation levels, test equipment, and recommend safe doses for patients. Requirements vary, but most hold a degree in medical physics or radiation biology and must gain hands-on experience. Continuing education is important for advancement.
A radiation physicist ensures the safety and proper operation of medical devices that use radiation sources. Professionals usually work in hospitals, oncology centers, universities and specialized medical centers that provide radiology equipment to diagnose and treat different conditions. A medical radiation physicist makes frequent rounds of a facility to monitor radiation levels, determine whether patients or medical professionals are at risk of exposure or not, and establish effective safety procedures.
Many hospital machines and equipment rely on radiation sources to function properly. Testing equipment, such as X-ray machines and CT scan devices, and cancer treatment equipment, such as linear particle accelerators, emit radiation that can be potentially harmful or fatal if administered incorrectly. The job of a radiation physicist is to ensure that this equipment is working properly and that patients, physicians, and others are not overexposed to harmful radiation. An expert uses sophisticated testing equipment to monitor emissions and recommend safe doses for patients.
A radiation physicist may also research and analyze the radiation effects of certain medical devices and make policy recommendations on how to improve their effectiveness and safety. Physicists are often held accountable for ensuring that a hospital complies with federal and local regulations on radiation exposure, preventive measures, emergency procedures, and safety equipment. A professional may also lead training courses or seminars for other medical professionals to explain safe operating procedures for potentially hazardous devices.
Requirements to become a radiation physicist vary by location and employer, although most professionals hold at least a bachelor’s degree in medical physics, radiation biology, or similar disciplines. After earning degrees, most new physicists must work as technicians or assistants to established professionals in the field for up to two years, gaining hands-on experience and becoming familiar with the practical aspects of the job. Many countries require a prospective radiation physicist to obtain certification by completing a defined number of practical training and passing a written exam. In the United States, certification is offered by the American Board of Health Physics.
Continuing education is generally considered very important for a physicist practicing radiation medicine. Practitioners frequently attend refresher courses and seminars to ensure they are up to date on the latest research technologies and radiation equipment. With continued education, time, and proven skills, radiation physicists may be able to advance to supervisory positions within a hospital. Some experienced physicists choose to work in private or university laboratories, conducting independent research on different aspects of radiation and medical treatment.
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