Registration authorities create and maintain lists of alphanumeric codes or identifiers for organizations, products, and data. There are almost 100 international registration authorities, with half focused on the internet sector. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) governs IP address and domain name assignment, complying with ISO standards. Transport Layer Security (TLS) encrypts data and identifiers for secure transmission. The continued expansion of registration authority makes it necessary to protect individual identifiers.
A registration authority in general is assigned the task of creating and maintaining lists of alphanumeric codes or other identifiers of organizations, commercial, financial or electronic products and specific data. There are nearly 100 different international registration authorities approved by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), founded in 1947 and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, covering registration authority for everything from computer graphics to motor vehicles and national currencies. However, not all registration authorities are governed by ISO standards, with the International Cultivar Registration Authority (ICRA) being a prime example of a global registration authority for assigning formal botanical names to plant cultivars without using the ISO protocols. At least half of the widely used ISO registration authorities focus on the Internet sector to uniquely identify standards for data exchange and network communication.
One of the most important areas for registration authority is that of Internet Protocol (IP) address and domain name assignment used to establish unique identification nodes on the Internet, which is governed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) . The IANA complies with various ISO standards in issuing unique identifiers. For example, ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 governs the two-letter country codes that the IANA uses to assign country locations for domain names. Worldwide, as of April 15, 2011, there were over 130 million active domain names registered and over 396 million that had been removed by the registration authority. Domain name registration takes a bottom-up approach, with a National Internet Registry (NIR) acting under the auspices of a Regional Internet Registry (RIR) to coordinate the assignment of names across the operating branch of the IANA in the United States, known as the Internet Society for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).
The continued expansion of the use of registration authority across an extremely wide range of commercial and private sector interests interacting on the Internet makes it increasingly necessary to adequately protect individual identifiers for each item and category. You need to establish unique identifiers for everything from thousands of different products that use Merchant Category Codes (MCCs) for proper government taxation under ISO 18245, to musical and audiovisual works, books and electronic documents, transaction communication codes , data exchange codes between systems and more. The established method of making sure that every transmission is secure is to use Transport Layer Security (TLS). Asymmetric key cryptographic systems such as TLS encrypt all data and related identifiers recorded in transit over the Internet. This allows a registrar, as well as other Internet traffic, to maintain a single structure of control over the many complex human transactions that occur moment-to-moment online, and to reduce them from encrypted global traffic down to individual levels of significance.
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