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Vehicular accident reconstruction uses engineering principles, mathematics, and physics to determine the cause of accidents. Investigators collect physical evidence, question witnesses, and examine vehicles to create a computer diagram. The final report is used as evidence in criminal or civil cases.
The science of investigating and analyzing vehicle collisions is known as vehicular accident reconstruction. Its purpose is to determine what caused or contributed to an accident, including the role of drivers, the vehicle, the roadway and weather conditions. Reconstructionists, people who perform traffic accident reconstruction, are often employed by law enforcement agencies to determine the cause of an accident, or by personal injury lawyers or insurance companies for the same reason.
Vehicle accident reconstruction uses engineering principles as well as the laws of mathematics and physics when analyzing a collision. The investigator will visit the crash scene and collect as much physical evidence as possible, such as distances from impact to the final resting place and length of skid marks. He or she will also question all available witnesses to the collision, including drivers and passengers if they were not fatally injured. In most cases, the investigator will also conduct a thorough examination of the vehicles to rule out any defective parts within the vehicles themselves.
A crash reconstruction usually begins at the scene of the crash, where measurements are taken of things like the final resting place of the vehicles involved, the point of impact, and any skid or scratch marks. Such measurements are usually made with sophisticated electronic sensing instruments. The measurements made at the scene can then be entered into a computer program.
Similar measures are also taken by the vehicles themselves. Precise measurements of the damage sustained by each vehicle will help recreate the accident. The vehicle data is then also entered into the computer program and a diagram is created between the site date and the vehicle data showing how the accident happened. Scientific principles such as conservation of linear momentum and kinetics are used to work backwards from the vehicles’ final resting place in order to determine how they ended up where they are.
The reconstruction of the vehicular accident is not complete at the moment. Once all available dates have been gathered, a computer diagram created, witnesses interviewed, and vehicles thoroughly inspected, a conclusion will be drawn as to the cause or causes of the accident. This final report can be used as evidence in a criminal case or civil case. Both criminal and civil cases often hinge on the results of a vehicular accident reconstruction and often require the investigator who prepared the report to testify in a trial about the cause of the accident.
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