A securities attorney specializes in legal opinions during municipal bond offerings. They ensure the bond is valid and structured to be exempt from federal and state income tax. Title attorneys help homebuyers obtain titles or loans, while criminal law bond attorneys work to reduce bail amounts.
The term securities attorney can be used to refer to a lawyer who specializes in several areas of law. Generally, the term is used to describe an attorney who has been hired to provide a legal opinion during a municipal bond offering. In some jurisdictions, a title attorney refers to an attorney who helps a prospective homeowner obtain a title or home loan. In criminal cases, an attorney knowledgeable about title reduction motions can help a defendant reduce his bail.
During a municipal bond offering process, a local government entity, such as a city, school district, or municipality, typically issues municipal bonds to investors. Income generated from bonds is often used to fund capital projects or to temporarily cover operating and maintenance costs. As a general rule, any interest income received on municipal bonds is exempt from federal income tax and state income tax for the state in which the bonds were issued. Municipal titles are mostly used in the United States or its territories such as Puerto Rico.
At some point in the process, a municipal bond attorney usually provides a legal opinion regarding the bond issue. Typically, the opinion details the terms of the offer and states that the bond issued is valid and legally binding on the parties. The bond attorney also helps ensure that the bond has been structured so that the interest income is exempt from federal or state income tax under applicable law. The securities attorney’s opinion is commonly referred to as an “unqualified opinion.” Some municipal bonds, called ex-legal bonds, are issued without a legal opinion.
In some countries, title attorneys help homebuyers obtain titles or loans for a home purchase. In South Africa, for example, a title solicitor prepares home loan documentation and then reviews it with the buyer. Typically, the attorney is also responsible for preparing and issuing any related warranties, as well as preparing documents for filing with the deed office.
A criminal law bond attorney may work with a criminal defendant to reduce bonds, which are instruments used to release a defendant from prison while he or she is awaiting trial. In many jurisdictions, bonds may be issued for cash or the equivalent. For example, money can be deposited with a title company, or a house can be used as security for the title. If a defendant cannot afford the cost of the title, an attorney can file a motion asking the court to lower the value of the title. Generally, the intent of the motion is to make the bail amount more affordable for the defendant.
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