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Sepsis, or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), can affect various human tissues and have adverse outcomes if not treated quickly. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites and can result in multiple organ failure and severe cardiovascular difficulties. Most patients can recover with appropriate treatment.
The pathophysiology of sepsis is determined by the type, severity and duration of the condition and can affect the body in many ways. Sepsis is a disease known as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and has several possible causes, can affect a variety of different human tissue types, and can result in a variety of adverse outcomes if not treated properly and quickly. This disease is often referred to as blood poisoning and is most commonly manifested by fever, shock symptoms, and an elevated heart rate. Children and adults can be affected by this disease, and it is more likely to occur during serious illness or after a major trauma when the immune system defenses are lowered.
While most people think of sepsis as a bacterial disease, the pathophysiology of sepsis can actually start with a variety of types of infectious material. This condition is the result of an infection in the body caused by a fungus, virus or parasite. Bacteria are considered the most common cause of sepsis, and many cases of this type of infection can be linked to hospital visits, despite efforts to keep this environment clean and free of pathogens. Most hospitals take extra precautions with the well-being of their ICU and other high-risk patients to help prevent sepsis infections.
Sepsis is often thought to be a blood disorder, although the pathophysiology of sepsis can occur in a number of different body tissues including blood, soft tissue, and skin. Cases of sepsis can also be found in the lungs, urinary tract, and stomach. In most cases, sepsis is the result of an existing infection that reduces the function of the patient’s immune system and allows a normally harmless organism to infect the affected body site. Inflammation of the infected area is the first symptom, followed by clotting of the cells.
The combination of inflammation and clotting of cells, along with the very high possibility of sepsis spreading to unaffected areas of the body, is one reason why this disease is dangerous. During the pathophysiology of sepsis, if the cause and infection are not treated quickly or aggressively enough, the infection will spread to other areas of the body and can cause multiple organ failure and severe cardiovascular difficulties. Most patients are able to make a full recovery after a sepsis infection as long as the cause of the infection, be it bacterial, viral, or caused by parasites or fungi, is treated and appropriate medications and therapies are used to clear the infection from sepsis.
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