Adolescent growth spurt in girls begins around age 10 with height gain, breast and pelvis enlargement, and pubic and underarm hair growth. Menarche usually occurs at age 13. Adolescence is characterized by social, psychological, and physiological changes. Girls’ psychological development includes increased intelligence and identity formation. Peer groups help them become independent, but may also lead to risky behaviors.
Most young people between the ages of nine and 15 experience a rapid succession of physiological changes called the adolescent growth spurt. In girls, the adolescent growth spurt typically begins immediately after age 10. The first outward signs of adolescence in girls include height gain, enlargement of the breasts and pelvis, as well as the appearance of hair on the pubic regions and underarms. Usually at the age of 13, adolescence in girls is characterized by the onset of menstruation, which is called menarche. This means the initial release of a mature egg from the ovary.
In human growth and development, adolescence is the stage between childhood and adulthood, usually from age 12 or 13 to age 19 or 21. It is characterized by social and psychological phases as well as physiological or biological changes. Depending on the type of culture a person has, the adolescence rate can be short, prolonged or even non-existent. For example, the transition from childhood to adulthood in simple societies tends to be rapid and is characterized by traditionally prescribed rites of passage. Growth in adolescence depends on increased hormone secretions, as hormones cause the sex organs to grow to their mature size.
Adolescence in girls usually begins at age 11, although some girls undergo this stage as early as age eight or nine, or as late as age 16 or 17. The typical increase in height is about 3 cm per year. Usually by age 7 girls have already reached their maximum height, with a body becoming slender quite abruptly and with the gradual emergence of adult facial features. Adolescence in girls is also characterized by the enlargement of the pores in the skin, resulting in an increase in oily secretion which brings out the pimples. This is often aggravated by the occurrence of the menstrual cycle, the human female reproductive cycle.
Psychological development is also pronounced during the adolescent stages in girls, with intelligence developing rapidly. Girls begin to develop their ability to deduce and conclude, handle complex ideas, reason logically, and make connections between cause and effect. There are also emotional and personality changes that occur during adolescence in girls. The cumulative effects of all the physical, mental, and social changes all contribute to how girls are shaped to become adults. If they feel that they are failing to achieve the goals set by their parents, they usually re-evaluate their motivations and attitudes to ensure acceptance, especially in the society in which they find themselves.
Identity formation also occurs during adolescence in girls. Girls learn adult behaviors from their families. Conflicts, however, can arise due to differences of views. Meanwhile, the peer group helps girls transition from being dependent on their families to being independent and socially mature individuals. This, however, can lead them to engage in risky behaviors and activities.
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