The Sioux Tribe, also known as the Lakota and Dakota, originated from the Algonquian tribe. They resided in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota, and were divided into four groups. The US government acquired their lands, leading to resentment and armed conflicts, including the Battle of Wounded Knee Creek.
The Sioux Tribe is a large Native American Indian tribe. They have been known by several names over the years, including the Lakota Tribe and the Dakota Tribe. Some anthropologists and historians suggest that the original name of the Sioux tribe is a derivative of the name that the Algonquian American Indian tribe gave them: Nadowessioux.
The French are said to have been the first Europeans to encounter members of the Sioux tribe around 1640. Most of them resided in the region of the modern US states of North Dakota, South Dakota and Minnesota. Members of the Sioux tribe have since been found to occupy a vast expanse of the North American landscape. The American Indian Sioux, Lakota, and Dakota nations lived in an area that stretched from the Arkansas River in the southern United States to Lake Winnipeg in the north and the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains in the west.
The Sioux tribe has been mainly divided into four groups. The Winnebago people populated the region surrounding Lake Michigan. The Assiniboines covered the northern parts of the United States. The Minnetaree faction lived mostly in present-day Minnesota. The fourth group were the Southern Sioux, who occupied the southern and western regions between the Arkansas and Platte rivers and hunted in the Rocky Mountains.
It was in 1837 that the Sioux tribe gave all of their lands east of the Mississippi to the United States. Then, in 1851, they gave up about 35 million acres (14 million hectares) of their land west of the Mississippi River for $3 million (USD). After the Sioux tribe agreed to this land sale and the provisions set out in treaties related to it, the United States government allegedly neglected to fully meet all the requirements of these treaties. This reportedly caused resentment among the Sioux tribe, and a series of attacks by some members of the Native American tribe followed. In 1855, a new peace treaty was established.
The United States and the Sioux tribe fought one last major armed battle which became known as the Battle of Wounded Knee Creek. US General Nelson A. Miles in a letter to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs called the battle a “massacre”. On December 29, 1890, about 500 soldiers with the 7th US Cavalry surrounded an encampment of Sioux tribesmen, and when it was over, more than 150 Lakota Sioux lay dead.
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