Submersible motors power pumps in water wells and sump pumps. They must have watertight electrical connections to prevent damage. The motor is lowered into the well or pit and pushes water out, resulting in less power usage and a cooler motor. The motor is contained in a rubber sock for protection.
A submersible motor is an electric motor that can operate while submerged in water. This sealed motor is typically found in use on pumps. Both sump pumps and water wells use a submersible motor to power the pumping mechanism used in the system. Due to immersion in water, it is essential that all electrical connections are watertight to prevent damage to the engine and anyone working on the unit.
The typical water well relies on a submersible motor to pump water out of the well. The motor is connected to a pump and lowered through the well casing. Many well contractors attach a small cable to the pumping unit to lower it, while many simply lower the pumping unit via the electrical wire. In both cases, the pump and submersible motor are at the bottom of the casing suspended in the water. A hose fitted to the pump fitting sends water up and out of the well when the submersible motor is turned on.
The typical sump pump found in a basement works much like a toilet valve. The pump, connected to a submersible motor, is placed in a small pit in the lowest portion of the basement. When water fills the pit, a plastic float much like the toilet tank float rises with the water in the depths and trips a switch on the pump. The pump sends the water into the building’s plumbing and out into the sewer via a hose connected to the pump. In a larger building, there may be several sump pumps located throughout the basement.
This design is critical with an electric pump due to the advantage of pushing rather than pulling the liquid. A pump is capable of pushing much more liquid than it is capable of pulling, thus requiring the submersible motor to position the pump at the source of the liquid. Used in this way, a pump is able to run effectively with a much smaller motor. This results in less electrical power used, a cooler pump motor, and a pump capable of moving a large amount of liquid in a short time.
The typical submersible motor is contained within a rubber sock which keeps the pump dry. The braid is removed when servicing the pump or motor and replaced once the maintenance is complete. This allows the pump to run for a longer period of time without being damaged by water. Many submersible motors offer years of uninterrupted use.
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