Legal disclaimers at the bottom of emails are rarely enforceable, according to judges in the US and EU. Companies include them because others do. Electronic signatures are usually legally binding, unlike outdated laws such as a $3 fine for appliances in North Carolina and a ban on butter substitutes in Wisconsin. A 1307 British statute […]
By agreeing to binding arbitration, you give up the right to sue in court and instead resolve disputes with an arbitrator. Arbitration is quicker and less formal but lacks certain protections and an appeals process. It can also be cheaper but fees should be considered. By signing a contract subject to binding arbitration, you typically […]
Antigen binding is when an antibody recognizes and binds to an antigen, which can be used in immunohistochemistry to identify antigens in tissue samples. Antibodies have a specific antigen binding site, allowing them to target specific antigens. This process is essential for the immune system to neutralize harmful pathogens. In the lab, antigen-antibody interactions can […]
Binding precedent is existing law that must be followed in common law jurisdictions. Judges issue rulings that become law, and the body of legislation made by judges is called precedent. Only a few precedents are binding, depending on who made the rule. Higher court rulings are binding on lower courts. State and federal courts have […]
A Memorandum of Association is a document used in the incorporation process to define a new company’s relationship with the world. It used to require more details, but now focuses on the statement that a group wants to establish a company and share capital. It may include provisions for additional information and can be used […]
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