Nanoparticle biosynthesis, using living organisms or biological material, offers cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods for nanoparticle synthesis. Bacteria, fungi, and plant extracts have been successfully employed to produce silver and gold nanoparticles with various applications, including catalysis, drug delivery, and monitoring of biochemicals. Nanoparticles gained significant prominence in the early 21st century due to the […]
Ethylene is a gas produced by the petrochemical industry for plastic production and by plants as a hormone affecting plant processes. It speeds up fruit ripening, inhibits flower production, promotes seed germination, and affects seedling development. Biosynthesis of ethylene in plants occurs in response to stress. Methionine is the starting point for biosynthesis, and ACC […]
Starch is a polysaccharide made up of glucose molecules synthesized by plants. Two types of starch, amylose and amylopectin, are stored in granules inside cells. Starch biosynthesis occurs in amyloplasts and chloroplasts, and involves enzymes. The purpose of starch biosynthesis is to provide an energy reserve for plants. Research is underway to increase starch production […]
Carotenoids are a type of terpenoid that can be produced in the laboratory by mimicking natural processes. They are yellow to red dyes found in fruits and vegetables and serve as antioxidants and sometimes possess vitamin A activity. Carotenoids are synthesized in nature through two pathways, mevalonate and non-mevalonate. The gene coding for enzymes in […]
