Cervical cancer is often caused by contracting different forms of human papillomavirus (HPV), but not all cases are caused by HPV. Regular gynecological exams and Pap smears can help diagnose early-stage cancer when it’s most treatable. Symptoms include vaginal bleeding, painful sex, and a watery, blood-tinged discharge. Treatment options depend on the stage of the […]
Jaundice, a yellowish tinge to the skin and whites of the eye, is caused by an excess of bilirubin. Cancer can cause jaundice by disrupting the bilirubin excretion system or blocking the pathway used by the liver to shunt bilirubin to the intestines. Jaundice is a medical sign characterized by a yellowish tinge to the […]
Financial help for cancer patients is available from government programs, private charities, and pharmaceutical companies. Eligibility depends on factors such as cancer type, income, insurance coverage, and region. Patients should talk to their doctors about payment assistance options and may be eligible for government assistance, regional treatment programs, or grants from charities. Pharmaceutical companies may […]
Stage 3 lung cancer is a large tumor that has invaded surrounding tissue in the chest, with two forms reflecting the level of diffusion. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, and patients are usually candidates for clinical trials. Prognosis is generally poor, but quality of life can be improved with management. Stage 3 lung […]
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that develops on the epidermis. Tumors can be benign, pre-malignant, or malignant. Only malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body. Treatment is effective if detected early. Lipomas are often mistaken for skin cancer but are not cancerous. A skin cancer is a […]
Uterine cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells in the uterus, including endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma. Symptoms include pelvic pain, unusual bleeding, and abnormal vaginal discharge. Metastatic uterine cancer occurs when cancer cells spread throughout the body and can be confirmed through biopsies or ultrasounds. Treatment may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy. […]
Lung cancer can be treated successfully if diagnosed early, but some forms are aggressive and difficult to treat. Smoking is a common cause, but exposure to carcinogens, radiation, and radon gas can also contribute. Symptoms include coughing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but some patients may […]
Metastatic cervical cancer is when cancer that started in the cervix spreads to other parts of the body, making it more difficult to treat. There are two types of cervical cancer, with the second type spreading to lymph nodes and other organs. Treatment options include drugs, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but life expectancy may […]
Pancreatic cancer can develop from both exocrine and endocrine cells in the pancreas. Symptoms include back pain, weight loss, and jaundice. Diagnosis is made through CT and ultrasound, and treatment includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The CA 19-9 blood test can monitor the effectiveness of treatment. The pancreas, located behind the stomach, is an organ […]
Palate cancer affects the roof of the mouth and can cause symptoms such as painful swelling, lumps, and difficulty swallowing. Diagnosis involves a biopsy and other tests to determine the extent of the cancer. Treatment may involve radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, or reconstructive surgery. Tobacco use is a leading cause of palate cancer. Palate cancer […]
Stage 2 ovarian cancer has spread through the pelvis from the ovaries and is treatable with surgery and chemotherapy. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, and back pain. Diagnosis is through ultrasound, physical exam, and blood test. Survival rates are better than for stage 3 or 4 ovarian cancer. Stage 2 ovarian cancer is classified as […]
Prognosis for bone cancer depends on various factors, including cancer stage, location, origin, medical history, and overall health. Five-year survival rates range from 67-73%, with primary bone cancer having a better prognosis than secondary bone cancer. Other health issues may worsen the prognosis, but advances in radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery offer hope for patients. Patients […]
Cancer of the appendix is a rare form of colorectal cancer that can be difficult to diagnose due to few symptoms. Treatment involves removal of the tumor and chemotherapy, with intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy showing some success. Early detection is crucial for survival. Cancer of the appendix is a relatively rare form of colorectal cancer. It […]
Uterine cancer usually starts in the endometrium and is caused by an excess of estrogen, while cervical cancer starts in the thin, flat cells on the surface of the cervix and is caused by the human papillomavirus. Uterine cancer is more common and often diagnosed early, while cervical cancer is usually not diagnosed until it […]
Basal cell skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer and grows slowly, but can cause disfigurement if left untreated. It is caused by overexposure to UV radiation and can appear as subtle or noticeable changes to the skin. Treatment involves removal, and those who have had it before are at risk of […]
PET scans use a radioactive substance to locate cancer cells in the body, allowing doctors to determine the extent of the cancer and make treatment decisions. The procedure is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women and can also be used to diagnose neurological conditions and heart disease. False positives are possible, so PET scanning […]
Breast cancers are either benign or malignant. Benign tumors include fibrocystic lumps, fibroadenomas, and papillomas. Malignant tumors are life-threatening and can be divided into four types: luminal A, luminal B, HER2 type, and basal type. Treatment options depend on the type and aggressiveness of the cancer. Although there are different types of breast cancers, they […]
Early detection of palatal cancer is crucial for effective treatment. Symptoms such as bad breath, mouth sores, loose teeth, and difficulty swallowing may indicate the disease. Risk factors include tobacco and alcohol consumption, genetics, and environmental influences. Treatment involves radiation therapy and surgery. Palatal cancer can form in the back, the “soft palate” region of […]
Epithelial cancer accounts for 85% of all cancers and can affect different types of skin cells. Ovarian cancer has the highest occurrence rate and is difficult to diagnose early. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are common types of lung cancer. Epithelial cancer, also known as epithelial carcinoma or simply carcinoma, accounts for approximately 85% of […]
Different types of imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans, are used to diagnose and stage cancer. Combining PET scans with CT scans or MRI scans provides more accurate results and helps determine the best treatment for patients. Several types of imaging tests are used to diagnose cancers. These tests […]
