Closed-cell foam is a versatile material with high structural integrity, compressive strength, and low moisture absorption. The six basic types are polyethylene, Styrofoam, Volara®, Minicel®, neoprene, and gym rubber. Each type has its own specific uses, such as insulation, shock absorption, and padding. Closed-cell foam is a strong, flexible material made up of internal pores, […]
Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity by using layered materials, including silicon, an anti-reflection coating, and a glass cover. Silicon is modified with elements like phosphorus and boron to create an electric current. An anti-reflection coating is necessary to increase efficiency. As technology advances, photovoltaic cells may provide free energy for homes and businesses. Photovoltaic […]
Sleeper cells are secret agents trained to assimilate into another country’s culture and society, living undercover until activated by their handlers to commit acts of terrorism. Members may not be aware of each other, making it difficult to track and dismantle cells. The events of 9/11 highlighted the dangers of sleeper cells, and they are […]
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma is a type of kidney cancer that can spread to other parts of the body. Risk factors include age, high blood pressure, smoking, and exposure to certain chemicals. Symptoms include blood in urine, back pain, and weight loss. Treatment options include surgery and immunotherapy, with a 75% survival rate if caught […]
Mobile phone service is widespread in Africa, but access to basic infrastructure such as electricity and running water is limited. A 2016 survey found that 93% of Africans have cell phone service, while only 65% have access to electricity and 63% have access to running water. North Africa has the best access to services, while […]
Basal cell nevus syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes abnormal growths on the skin, bones, and internal organs. It is caused by a mutation in the PTCH gene and is autosomal dominant. Symptoms include skin cancer, facial deformities, and nervous system malfunctions. Treatment varies depending on the specific complications. Basal cell nevus syndrome, also […]
Sickle cell anemia causes hard, sticky, crescent-shaped red blood cells that block blood vessels, leading to painful crises. Management includes blood transfusions, supplements, and bone marrow transplants, but all have associated risks. Bone marrow transplants are the only cure but are not available to everyone. A genetic condition, in sickle cell anemia, the patient becomes […]
A load cell converts force into electrical energy through a strain gauge, which changes shape depending on the amount of force applied. Load cells are used in weighing applications and typically contain multiple strain gauges arranged in a Wheatstone bridge formation. A load cell is a type of transducer that converts force into electrical energy. […]
Thin-film cells are a type of photovoltaic cell used to generate electricity from any form of light. They have the potential to increase the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of solar energy. The production of thin-film cells requires a sterile environment and the substance used to make the film is reduced to a liquid solution. The benefits […]
To protect against cell phone radiation, limit use, choose a phone with a low specific absorption rate (SAR), avoid holding it close to the head, and use speakerphone or text messaging. Products like shields, air tube headphones, and those using MRET or SRT technology claim to provide further protection. There are several safety measures that […]
Cellular manufacturing, also known as lean manufacturing, is a newer process that reduces waste and increases profits. It uses cells of workers and machinery to produce specific components of a product, minimizing downtime and waste. Kaizen is a common cellular system developed by Toyota. Implementing cellular manufacturing can be expensive but has long-term benefits. The […]
Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are abnormal growths of cells that arise from germ cells, which can occur in the ovaries or testicles, or during embryonic development. GCTs are treated with chemotherapy or surgery. Teratomas are encapsulated tumors that can include many different types of body tissue. GCTs can be germinomatous or non-germinal, with many varieties […]
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder affecting red blood cells, most commonly found in individuals with African, Saudi Arabian, or Mediterranean ancestry. Genetics and malaria prevalence are the main factors influencing its frequency, with different regions experiencing varying types of the disease due to spontaneous mutations. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder characterized […]
Sickle cell tests can detect sickle cell disease or the gene, with newborns in the US routinely screened. Tests can be done on fetuses or adults, and confirmation may involve a hemoglobin S solubility test or evaluation for hemoglobinopathy. A sickle cell test is done to assess whether a person has sickle cell disease or […]
Pollsters often exclude cell phones from their surveys due to federal laws prohibiting autodial systems and concerns about compensation for airtime. Cell phone-only households are often clustered within specific demographics, making exclusion problematic. Pollsters historically avoided cell phones to avoid duplicating data and face geographical challenges. Pollsters can exclude cell phone exchanges from their lists […]
Sickle cell disease is caused by a genetic mutation in hemoglobin, specifically in chromosome 11, and is passed on through autosomal recessive inheritance. Individuals with sickle cell trait have a 50% chance of passing on the mutation to their children. Other contributing factors include low blood volume, dehydration, low blood oxygen levels, increased blood acidity, […]
Oat cell cancer is a highly aggressive form of cancer that can originate in the lungs or prostate and is linked to smoking. It can cause neurological symptoms and is treated with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Early identification is crucial for better prognosis. Oat cell cancer is a form of cancer characterized by the distinctly […]
Plasma cell diseases include amyloidosis, where abnormal proteins build up in organs, solitary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma, where excess cells form tumors in the bone marrow, MGUS, where abnormal protein levels are stable, and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, a rare cancer causing blood thickening. There are a variety of diseases that can affect plasma cells, the white […]
Cellular telecommunications use mobile technologies for voice and data transmission. Telecommunications companies provide cellular service through different standards, with CDMA and GSM being the most widespread. Digital transformation has improved security and compatibility, but phones and systems operating on different standards cannot communicate. The final choice of service provider may not be based on technology […]
An active cell in a spreadsheet can be manipulated and modified in various ways, including merging, coloring, outlining, and scaling. Cells can be programmed to handle different types of data and can be added to a spreadsheet if more space is needed. Adding color to an active cell can help distinguish it from other cells […]
