A voltaic cell converts the chemical reaction between two dissimilar metals and a conductive fluid into an electric charge. The galvanic technique uses two metals covered in salt water, separated by a barrier, to create an electrochemical reaction and generate electricity. Multiple cells in series create a voltaic pile, which can power devices. Corrosion is […]
Celluloid dolls were cheap, mass-produced toys made from synthetic plastic in the mid-1800s to 1940s. They were a durable alternative to fragile dolls and were produced worldwide. Celluloid deteriorates easily, making well-preserved dolls valuable collector’s items. Vintage celluloid dolls require special care and should be kept away from sunlight and moisture. Celluloid dolls were children’s […]
Sickle cell anemia was first identified in 1910 by Dr. James Herrick. It is a genetic condition that causes abnormal red blood cells, leading to low-oxygen blood and moderate to severe pain. Researchers have since discovered its relationship to oxygen, genetics, and hemoglobin, and continue to search for effective treatments and cures. While sickle cell […]
Sickle cell anemia and malaria are connected, with people who have sickle cell trait having greater resistance to malaria. However, some dispute the theory of natural selection linking the two diseases, and the fact that sickle cell disease sufferers often die prematurely raises further questions. Malaria has been spread to many tropical and subtropical regions […]
Convection is the primary means of heat transfer in fluids; it creates convection cells, observed in various situations. Earth’s atmosphere has large-scale convection cells, including Hadley cells, which cause trade winds and arid regions. Convection cells in the Earth’s mantle cause plate tectonics and volcanic activity. The sun also has convection cells, visible as granules […]
Solar cells are categorized into three generations: first generation is high cost, high efficiency, second generation is low cost, low efficiency, and third generation is a research target with the goal of producing low cost and high efficiency cells. There are three basic generations of solar cells, although one of them doesn’t exist yet and […]
Cell phone insurance provides replacements for lost, stolen, or damaged phones. Customers should evaluate plans carefully and read the fine print, as replacement phones may not be the same model and deductibles can add up. Manufacturers may offer warranties, and some devices may not be covered. Consumers should consider the cost of the phone and […]
Central giant cell granuloma is a noncancerous bone lesion that appears in the jaw, usually in young women. It can cause swelling and infection, but is treatable with medication and surgery. Diagnosis involves physical examination, X-rays, and tissue sampling. Surgery is the primary treatment, with corticosteroids and antibiotics used to relieve pain and swelling. A […]
Cell phone marketing is a continuous process by manufacturers and service providers to encourage purchases. Strategies include TV commercials, print ads, and direct mailings. Companies offer free or reduced-cost phones with long service contracts to keep customers buying new phones and tied to contracts. Cell phone marketing is the process of advertising cell phones and […]
Cell phone radiation is non-ionizing and generally considered harmless in the short term, but the long-term effects are unknown. There is controversy over whether it could increase the risk of cancer or brain tumors. The amount of radiation emitted depends on the frequency and whether the device uses analog or digital signals. Legal restrictions limit […]
Langerhans cells are a type of white blood cell found in the skin and lymph nodes that help prevent infections and trigger immune reactions. Overproduction of these cells can lead to a rare condition called Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), which can be difficult to diagnose and treat. LCH can occur in children as well as […]
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare cancer that can develop in the digestive and upper respiratory tracts, often in males in their 60s. It spreads rapidly and can be found in the tongue, mouth, esophagus, nose, and sinus passages. Treatment usually involves surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Prognosis depends on the tumor’s size, location, and […]
Squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of tongue cancer, with symptoms including sore throat, discolored spots, bleeding, and numbness. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol use, and oral irritation. Treatment options include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, with a prognosis that varies by stage of the disease. Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common […]
Cell biologists study cells, their interactions, structures, and processes. They use various techniques to conduct experiments and work in research laboratories, government or academic institutions. A bachelor’s or master’s degree in biology or related science is required, while a Ph.D. is necessary for independent research. Cell biologists are scientists who study cells, which are generally […]
Electric cells produce current through oxidation-reduction reactions. They can be used in reverse for metal deposition or as LEDs. Fuel cells, including those using hydrogen, are being developed as an alternative to fossil fuels. Gamma electric cells can produce high voltage output directly from nuclear radiation. An electric cell is a simple device capable of […]
Squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil is a common head and neck cancer, with risk factors including heavy alcohol and tobacco use, poor dental hygiene, and HPV infection. Symptoms include persistent sore throat, earache, and difficulty swallowing. Diagnosis involves a biopsy and staging to determine treatment options, which may include chemotherapy, radiation, and tonsil removal. […]
Basal cell skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer and grows slowly, but can cause disfigurement if left untreated. It is caused by overexposure to UV radiation and can appear as subtle or noticeable changes to the skin. Treatment involves removal, and those who have had it before are at risk of […]
Stem cell researchers experiment with embryonic or adult stem cells to find medical uses, record and interpret data, share results, and stay up-to-date with relevant research. They focus on specific medical fields and work in laboratories, often requiring advanced degrees. A stem cell researcher performs experiments on different types of stem cells in order to […]
Plasma cell dyscrasia is a rare cancer of plasma cells, often caused by exposure to radiation or chemicals. Symptoms include anemia, fatigue, and bleeding. Treatment involves chemotherapy and possibly a bone marrow transplant, but the cancer may recur. Patients should discuss treatment options with multiple oncologists. Plasma cell dyscrasia is a cancer of the plasma […]
