Fresh water and petroleum-based hydrocarbon products are the most important hydrogen compounds used in industry. 15 billion cubic meters of fresh water is used annually for industrial purposes, while petroleum consumption has increased until 2009, when it fell for the first time in 30 years. Developing countries’ industrialization is rapidly increasing the demand for water, […]
Ionic compounds are formed by the electrical charges of positively charged metals and negatively charged nonmetals, creating crystalline structures with high melting and boiling points. They are soluble in water and good conductors of electricity. Naming conventions follow the cation-anion structure, and electronegativity differences determine covalent versus ionic bonds. Metals are found in nature as […]
Organic compounds are complex compounds of carbon with hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. They form chains of varying length and shape and are associated with fundamental life processes such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. These compounds are found in living organisms and can also be created from simple inorganic proteins. Carbohydrates store and transport […]
Covalent compounds form when nonmetallic atoms share electrons to become more stable. There are two types of covalent bonds: polar and non-polar. Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points, are flammable, and do not dissolve or conduct electricity in water. Covalent compounds are substances that form when two or more different elements are joined […]
Chemical compounds are made up of two or more elements that bond in a fixed ratio, determining their physical and chemical properties. They are represented by formulas, with more complex compounds requiring more complex formulas. Compounds differ from mixtures in their properties and require a chemical reaction to create. They can exist in different phases […]
Organic compounds contain carbon and can be defined broadly or narrowly. The distinction between organic and inorganic is based on outdated vitalism theory. Organic compounds have functional groups that determine their properties and can form polymers and macromolecules. Some common organic categories include hydrocarbons and esters. Organic compounds are chemicals whose molecules contain carbon. There […]
