Grid computing uses computer resources across domains to achieve common goals. Nodes are loosely coupled to a central computer, creating a powerful virtual machine. It can be used for P2P file sharing and two-way communication. Disadvantages include unreliable connections and incomplete downloads. Grid computing does its job by using computer resources in different administrative domains […]
Social computing is the use of computers and digital devices to allow people to interact and collaborate over the internet. It enables people to connect, learn, play games, and build communities based on shared interests. Companies are using social media strategies to take advantage of these connections. New mobile devices and software make social computing […]
Soft computing mimics biology, especially the human brain, to solve problems that cannot be easily decomposed mathematically. It aims to emulate the human approach to tackling problems using fuzzy logic and is commonly used to map the brain and simplify software design. Soft computing is a branch of computer science that works on the premise […]
Reconfigurable computing allows chips and components to be replaced or rearranged for different functions and data flow arrangements. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) computers offer maximum processing power for specialized tasks. Reconfigurable systems provide flexibility and speed, consuming less power than software tasks. Research is being conducted to advance reconfigurable computing practices in various fields. […]
Cluster computing and grid computing both use multiple computers to perform tasks. The main difference is that grid computing breaks up applications into modules, while cluster computing runs entire applications with redundancy. Grid computing solves complex problems in parallel, while cluster computing creates a redundant environment. Grid computing distributes processing power across a network, while […]
Grid computing involves sharing tasks across multiple computers, creating a virtual supercomputer. It originated from Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman, and Steve Tuecke’s toolkit for compute management. Grids are flexible and can be used for different types of grids. Unlike cluster computing, there is no centralized management, and computers in a grid can perform non-network-related tasks. […]
Grid and cloud computing differ in their architecture, cost, accessibility, and security. Cloud computing takes place over the Internet and can act on demand, while grid computing occurs in clusters of physical systems. Cloud computing can be expensive and unpredictable, while grid computing is less expensive and doesn’t rely on an Internet connection. Cloud computing […]
Molecular computing uses single atoms or molecules to solve computational problems, including DNA computing, quantum computing, and nanoscale logic gates. A kilogram of carbon with 100 atoms could process over 1027 operations per second, replacing traditional silicon computers. DNA computing is powerful but not universal, while quantum computing faces challenges with decoherence. Nanoscale robotics are […]
Pen computing uses a stylus or light pen instead of a keyboard and mouse for input. It includes PDAs, mobile devices, touch screen devices, pen scanners, and graphics tablets. Gesture recognition and handwriting recognition are used for input. Older systems used light pens for CRT monitors. Modern devices have simpler user interfaces and practical applications. […]
Wireless mobile computing allows users to connect to a network without cables. Examples include laptops, smartphones, and PDAs. It has three components: software, communication, and hardware. Communication includes internet and telephone usage, while hardware includes accessories. It is used for entertainment and business purposes, but some believe it could change social behavior. Wireless mobile computing […]
Green computing aims to improve the environmental impact of computer technology through measures such as advanced power management, alternative energy sources, and non-hazardous materials. Companies may focus on energy efficiency, manufacturing processes, or offsetting carbon emissions. Smaller computers generally require less energy, and some businesses adopt green computing for financial reasons. Green computing is a […]
End-user computing is the use of computer hardware and software by those who are not involved in their development. This includes corporate users such as data entry clerks and administrative assistants, as well as individuals using personal computers. End users can customize software to some extent, depending on the program’s design. End-user computing (EUC) is […]
Parallel computing allows computers to perform multiple tasks simultaneously, resulting in faster processing. Programs must be designed to be broken down into smaller tasks, which can be a challenge. Multiple processing cores in personal computers allow for parallel processing. The main advantage is faster program execution. Parallel computing occurs when a computer performs more than […]
Edge computing stores data away from physical computers, usually on private servers, improving security and reducing hardware limitations and energy consumption. Multiple layers of security are used to protect data as it moves from the internet to servers and nodes. Edge computing is a computing philosophy used primarily with networks to refer to how the […]
Mobile computing has evolved since the 1980s, with laptops being one of the most common forms. PDAs were popular in the 1990s, but were replaced by smartphones and small laptops in the 2000s. Smartphones are now used worldwide and can store large amounts of data. Mobile computing involves technology that can be easily moved and […]
Distributed computing uses a network of computers to perform tasks faster and allows for open interaction. The World Wide Web is an example of distributed computing, with each computer assigned a role. Grid computing uses idle processor power and SETI@Home is an example. Home computers also use multiprocessing and multithreading. Distributed computing uses a network […]
Cloud computing emerged in 2007, allowing services to be moved to the internet instead of being stored on a local computer. Companies like Google and Microsoft are experimenting with cloud-based programs, while smaller companies offer cloud-based services. The goal is to make the technology user-friendly and simple. Concerns about storing personal data in the cloud […]
Mobile computing refers to computing activities through portable devices that allow access to a network. Mobile devices include smartphones, PDAs, laptops, and tablets. These devices enable communication, business tasks, and unrestricted movement. The choice of device depends on individual needs. Mobile computing is a term used to describe the application of computing activities through various […]
Subroutines are smaller parts of a larger code module with their own internal operations. They are used in different ways in various computer programming languages and are essential for organizing code, debugging, and creating executable programs. Proper use of subroutines is critical for programmers to keep code accessible and understandable. A subroutine in computer programming […]
Cluster computing links multiple computers to act as a single entity for high-performance computing tasks. It is used for redundancy in computer networks, website hosting, game servers, and high-performance computing projects. Grid computing distributes workloads across many computers, such as in @home projects. Cluster computing is a form of computing in which a group of […]
