Liver disorders have specific symptoms such as fatigue, reduced appetite, skin, urine, and stool problems, and abdominal pain, but these symptoms are also common in other conditions. Jaundice, dark urine, light-colored feces, and abdominal pain are common symptoms of liver disorders. It is important to seek medical help if experiencing any of these symptoms. While […]
Borderline personality disorder is characterized by impulsive behavior, unstable relationships, and changing self-perception. Symptoms include risky behavior, rocky interpersonal relationships, and a changing sense of self-identity. It is often misdiagnosed and can co-occur with other mental health issues. Diagnosis requires the presence of at least five symptoms that severely impact daily functioning. Borderline personality disorder […]
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a recognized psychological condition that affects millions of people. It is not the same as shyness and can be misdiagnosed as other conditions. Treatment is usually a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and medication. Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is a recognized psychological condition that affects […]
Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a lack of conformity to social norms, leading to law-breaking and difficulty maintaining relationships and employment. Symptoms include indifference to right and wrong, aggression, deceit, manipulation, impulsivity, and a lack of awareness of others’ rights. These behaviors can result in legal troubles, strained relationships, and difficulty finding and keeping […]
Schizophreniform disorder is a mental illness similar to schizophrenia but of shorter duration, affecting about one in 1,000 people. It causes symptoms for one to six months and is usually treated with a combination of psychiatric drugs and psychotherapy. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and strange behavior. The causes of the disorder are unclear, […]
Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) causes constant feelings of threat and distrust, leading to difficulties in close relationships. Symptoms include paranoia, distrust, and hypersensitivity to perceived insults. PPD is part of eccentric personality disorders and can be treated with psychotherapy, but patients often don’t seek treatment or struggle to follow it. Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) is […]
Chromosomal disorders occur when an embryo has too many or too few chromosomes, or when a chromosome has an abnormality. Miscarriages and birth defects often result, with Down syndrome being a common disorder. Turner syndrome affects only girls, while XYY affects only boys. A chromosomal disorder is an abnormality that occurs when an embryo develops […]
Sensory processing disorder affects up to 5% of the population, causing hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity to sensory input. It is often associated with other conditions and can be misdiagnosed. Adaptive therapies can help, but more research is needed on treatment and diagnosis. Early intervention is key. Sensory processing disorder or sensory integration dysfunction (DSI) is a […]
Emotional disorder in children affects mental and social skills and is not linked to a physiological defect in the brain. The United States Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) includes it as a qualifying disability for government support. Symptoms include difficulty maintaining relationships, melancholic temperament, improper conduct, social anxieties, hyperactivity, impulsivity, aggression, and withdrawal. Early […]
The DSM-IV recognizes ten types of personality disorders, classified into three categories: Clusters A, B, and C. Cluster A includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal disorders. Cluster B includes antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic disorders. Cluster C includes avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Personality disorders are psychological disorders involving maladaptive personality traits and/or behavior patterns that […]
Shift work disorder affects those who frequently rotate their work schedule or work nights, causing trouble sleeping and staying awake. Symptoms include restlessness, drowsiness, and insomnia, and it can lead to accidents and mood problems. Coping strategies include normalizing sleep schedules and reducing irregular shifts. Shift work disorder is a sleep disorder that can affect […]
Congenital glycosylation disorder is an inherited condition affecting the way sugar chains attach to proteins, with 19 identified syndromes and varying symptoms. Treatment involves supportive care, and diagnosis is made through blood tests and enzyme activity evaluation. Symptoms range from stunted growth to muscle impairment and vision problems. Congenital glycosylation disorder is an inherited condition […]
Delusional disorder is a mental illness that blurs the lines between reality and imagination, causing audio and visual hallucinations and strong beliefs that something imagined is real. It falls into five categories, including erotomanic, jealous, persecutory, grandiose, and somatic disorders. It can exist on its own or be a symptom of a more complex disorder, […]
Brief psychotic disorder is a short-term episode where an individual loses touch with reality, characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and mood changes. It can be caused by severe stress, traumatic events, or hormonal changes. Treatment includes counseling, medication, and hospitalization if necessary. A brief psychotic disorder is a brief episode in which an individual withdraws from […]
Stereotypic movement disorder is a condition where a person repeatedly makes purposeless movements, potentially harming themselves and interfering with normal activities. The cause is unknown, but it can be caused by medical conditions, drug use, or have behavioral, genetic, or neurological origins. It occurs more often in boys and is most common in adolescence. Treatment […]
Nightmare disorder is a psychological condition characterized by frequent and intense frightening dreams that negatively impact daily life. It differs from other parasomnias as the sleeper is fully awake and aware of their surroundings after waking up. Treatment options include psychological counseling, relaxation techniques, and stress reduction. The cause of nightmares is not fully understood, […]
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a psychological condition characterized by constant feelings of worry and anxiety. It affects both men and women and can cause symptoms such as fatigue, insomnia, and irritability. Treatment options include medication and psychotherapy. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a psychological condition that belongs to the family of anxiety disorders, psychological […]
Spectrum disorder is a term used in psychiatry to divide brain disorders into subtypes based on how the disability affects the patient. Autism is a common reference to spectrum disorder, which is further divided into Asperger’s syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder. Children with spectrum disorders lack normal social skills and often have difficulty interacting with […]
Childhood disruptive behavior disorders include ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder. Genetics and neglect/abuse can contribute to these disorders. Diagnosis involves examining behavior in different situations. Parental interventions and therapy are important treatments. Coexisting disorders can complicate treatment. Medications may be effective for some disorders. There are three main types of childhood disruptive behavior […]
Oppositional defiant disorder affects children aged 6-9 who display argumentative, disobedient and hostile behavior towards authority figures. It is closely related to conduct disorder and is more common in boys. Low socioeconomic status, antisocial parents, or loss of a caregiver may be causative factors. Oppositional defiant disorder is recognized by the American Psychological Association as […]
