The thyroid gland controls metabolism and hormone balance, but disorders can cause too much or too little hormone production. Hyperthyroidism results in high metabolism, while hypothyroidism slows it down. Testing is important for accurate diagnosis. The thyroid is a small gland in the throat that functions as part of the endocrine system. When functioning properly, […]
Communication disorders assistants work with speech therapists or audiologists to assess and treat communication problems caused by illness, accidents, or impaired thinking and perception. They work with patients of all ages and use various techniques, including occupational and behavioral therapy. Training and program duration vary by country, and work settings include hospitals, long-term care facilities, […]
Psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder, affect a person’s thoughts and behaviors due to mental illness. These disorders require specialized treatment from psychiatrists or psychologists. Symptoms vary, but can include delusions, hallucinations, and erratic behavior. PTSD can develop after a traumatic event, while borderline personality disorder, anorexia, and generalized anxiety disorder […]
Adrenal disorders can be categorized into three types: overproduction, underproduction, and overall function disorders. Adrenal glands produce various hormones, and alterations can cause serious health problems. Symptoms and treatments vary depending on the type of disorder, and diagnosis requires tests and medical imaging. There are numerous types of adrenal disorders that can be roughly divided […]
Lymphoproliferative disorders are caused by an overproduction of white blood cells and can include cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, large granular lymphocytic leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia. HIV is an acquired immune disease that can cause too many white blood cells to be produced. Treatment options vary depending on the specific disorder. HIV can cause life-threatening complications […]
The Eating Disorders Inventory is a self-report test used by physicians to screen for eating disorders. It contains 64 questions focusing on eight categories, including behavior and attitudes towards weight, diet, and body shape. The EDI 2 and EDI 3 have been developed with additional categories and questions. The test is generally accurate and can […]
Adolescents, especially young women, are susceptible to eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. These disorders are marked by extremes in thoughts and behaviors regarding food and can be insidious, long-lasting, and life-threatening. Seeking professional help is important. Many people who develop eating disorders do so during adolescence. […]
Autonomic nervous system disorders can cause blood pressure fluctuations, difficulty breathing, or erectile dysfunction. Common disorders include orthostatic hypotension, supine hypertension, Horner syndrome, Shy-Drager syndrome, and complex regional pain syndrome. Treatment options vary and should be discussed with a doctor. There are a variety of autonomic nervous system disorders that can disturb the proper functioning […]
Metabolic disorders, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, galactosemia, and phenylketonuria, can cause various medical problems. Symptoms range from weight gain to weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and behavioral problems. Treatment options include medication, hormone replacement therapy, and surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for children with galactosemia and PKU. There are several disorders that affect […]
Tongue disorders can be caused by poor oral hygiene, infections, genetics, and medical conditions. Common disorders include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, glossitis, and tongue cancer. Most are easy to treat, but tongue cancer requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor for proper treatment. People of all ages can experience different types […]
Skeletal disorders can cause pain, loss of mobility, and deformity. They can be caused by trauma, pathogens, old age, or the immune system. Examples include fractures, osteoporosis, arthritis, rickets, scoliosis, lordosis, and kyphosis. A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D can help prevent some disorders. A skeletal disorder is anything that prevents the skeletal […]
Abnormal growth patterns can result from a lack or excess of growth hormone, often due to genetic disorders such as hypopituitarism or Turner syndrome. Skeletal dysplasia and Beckwith-Widemann syndrome are other examples. Diagnosis and treatment aim to limit health risks, but there is no known cure. Abnormal growth patterns are situations where a certain set […]
Self-esteem disorders, such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and obsessive-compulsive behavior, often stem from childhood abuse, bullying, or humiliation. Narcissism is also a self-esteem disorder. Patients may display a superior attitude, take advantage of others, lack empathy, and suffer from low self-esteem. These disorders can lead to poor communication skills and problems in relationships. Self-esteem […]
Tic disorders are involuntary movements, vocalizations, or gestures that usually appear in childhood and can be classified based on frequency, length, age of onset, and manifestation. Transient tic disorders are short-lived and common, while chronic tic disorders last for more than a year and involve consistent repetitive behavior. Simple and complex tics are further classifications, […]
Neurotic disorders, such as anxiety, phobias, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatization, and dissociation, are mental health conditions that can be treated with medication and counseling. Diagnosis is the first step, and treatment can improve quality of life. Neurotic disorders are mental or psychological problems that tend to revolve around anxiety and discomfort under certain […]
Concentration disorders can affect daily life, but they are often the result of other medical problems such as ADHD, depression, learning disabilities, or sleep disorders. Treatment options include medication, cognitive behavioral therapy, talk therapy, and specialized educational services. Coping strategies can improve academic and work success. Although many people find it difficult to concentrate from […]
Attention disorders come in various types with different symptoms, including childhood attention deficit disorder, ADD, ADHD, and adult types. ADHD has subtypes of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Diagnosis is based on dominant symptoms, and medication may be necessary for treatment. Some individuals are not diagnosed until adulthood. Poor impulse control and inattention are some of […]
Myelin disorders result from damage to the protective coating around nerve cells and can have various causes. Multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis, Devic’s disease, Canavan disease, Krabbe disease, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are examples. Symptoms are managed as they develop, and treatment is about managing each symptom. Myelin is a medical term used to describe the protective […]
Eating disorders can cause mental problems and vice versa. The psychological effects of eating disorders include distorted self-image, decreased self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. The causes of eating disorders are not fully understood, but the three most common forms are bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, and binge eating. The relationship between irregular eating habits and psychological problems […]
Disorders of the hypothalamus can have a significant impact on the body, including hypothyroidism, adrenal dysfunction, tumors, Kallmann syndrome, and homeostasis instability. Symptoms may include headaches, fatigue, and abnormal body temperature fluctuations. Medical evaluation and treatment are necessary. The hypothalamus gland helps regulate many of the body’s functions, so disorders of the hypothalamus can have […]
