[ad_1] Electrospray mass spectrometry (EMS) is used to study large molecules without fragmentation. A pure macromolecular sample is dissolved in a solvent system, injected into a high voltage electric field, and studied. EMS coupled with time-of-flight analysis and collision cooling reduces fragmentation. Isotopes can affect EMS determinations, making monoisotopic samples preferable. A mass spectrometer (MS) […]