Water abstraction is the artificial removal of water from its natural environment for various purposes. Methods include drilling wells, irrigation, and pumping. Regulations are necessary to prevent negative consequences such as depletion of water sources and damage to natural bodies of water. Water abstraction is a term used to define the process by which water […]
Acetone extraction is a method of separating substances from a material sample using the solvent acetone. It is widely used in industry, household products, and laboratories due to its ability to dissolve many organic compounds. It can be used to obtain desired substances or remove unwanted impurities. Acetone extraction is employed in recycling plastic waste […]
Data stream mining extracts information from an active stream of data without interrupting the flow. It can involve all types of data, and accurately predicts how to locate desired information. Examples include ATM transactions and web research. The main benefit is the ability to access and search data without prohibiting others from using it. Data […]
Audio extraction is used in speech recognition and music analysis to search for specific characteristics. It identifies words in speech and can organize music by genre. Dragon® sells AudioMining® which transcribes audio files and tags them for search. Other manufacturers include Nuance® and Nexidia®. Audio extraction is typically used in speech recognition software and music […]
Data mining is a process that discovers significant patterns in large amounts of data. It involves five steps: preparation, exploration, model building, deployment, and review. Techniques used include statistical analysis, classification, clustering, association, and sequential pattern analysis. The final step involves applying the techniques to the larger data set and analyzing the results. Review is […]
Solvent extraction separates substances using a solvent based on their solubility. The substance to be extracted is dissolved in a liquid with a solvent, then shaken and separated. Polar solvents dissolve polar and ionic compounds, while non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar substances. It is used in petrochemical refining, uranium refining, essential oil production, and environmental remediation. […]
Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) separates solid and liquid substances in a chemical solution by passing the sample through a column filled with an absorbent. The process concentrates and purifies samples for further study and can be performed on a large scale. SPE is preferable to liquid-liquid extraction as it takes less time and can be […]
Menstrual extraction is a manual procedure developed in 1971 by feminist women to provide a gentler form of early abortion. It can also be used to remove menstrual blood and regulate menstrual cycles. The procedure involves inserting a small cannula into the uterus, and it can be done at home or in a community-based reproductive […]
Artisanal mining is a small-scale operation that uses hand tools and methods to mine minerals and gems. It is common in developing countries and can be a source of income for subsistence miners. However, it can also lead to safety and environmental issues due to a lack of oversight and regulations. Artisanal mining is a […]
Dividend elimination involves buying securities before dividends are distributed and selling them after, often for tax advantages. However, it can result in a net loss if securities fall sharply in price. Some nations have made changes to their tax codes to curb this practice. Institutions can participate on a large scale. Dividend elimination is a […]
Dividend elimination involves buying securities before a dividend distribution and selling them after, historically used for tax advantages. However, some nations have closed the loophole. Careful consideration is necessary, as the move could result in a net loss, and some nations don’t allow claiming losses on assets owned for a short time. Institutions can use […]
Supercritical extraction uses supercritical fluids, such as carbon dioxide, to act as a solvent and separate constituents of a mixture. It is environmentally friendly, fast, and allows for control over the final product. It is useful for industrial manufacturing and laboratory settings. However, it can be expensive to run due to the need for high […]
Phenol extraction is a widely used method for extracting pure DNA and RNA from cell samples. Phenol is introduced to the sample, attracting proteins and breaking them down, while leaving DNA and RNA intact. The mixture is then separated and the DNA or RNA is extracted from the water phase. The acidity of the mixture […]
RNA extraction isolates RNA strands for genetic research, allowing scientists to study the pathway from DNA to protein production and cellular function. Different tissue and cell types require different RNA extraction methods, and RNA degradation is a common complication that can render a sample useless. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction is a commonly used laboratory process […]
