Financial institutions face risks including lack of transparency, overlap within the company, and potential for bad transactions or unexpected losses. Increased regulation and communication between executives and risk professionals can mitigate these risks. A possible lack of transparency is a risk in financial institutions. Much of the world’s capital markets at some point move through […]
A hotel financial report lists income and expenses for the last fiscal period, often issued annually to shareholders. It includes a statement of financial position, profit and loss statement, equity changes, and statement of cash flows. Publicly owned hotels often include an advertisement section. Private hotels may omit this section. A hotel financial report is […]
Trade finance involves various strategies for international trade transactions, including money management, banking services, and investments. Compliance with trade-related laws is necessary, and trusted professionals may be employed to manage the process. Payment is made through banks, and insurance is used to determine liability for damages during shipping. Trade finance is the collective term for […]
Effective term is a metric used to estimate investment return, considering changes in interest rates. It’s important for investments that issue periodic yields. Accuracy depends on data quality and projections. Effective term is a type of metric used to estimate the amount of return on an investment, taking into account possible changes in the interest […]
Circuit breakers are measures used by stock exchanges to prevent panic selling during a potential market crash. They involve trade stops and price limits to slow down market activity and maintain healthy levels. The concept was developed after the 1987 stock market crash and is only used when price falls reach certain percentage levels. The […]
Alan Greenspan’s 1996 reference to “irrational exuberance” in the dot.com industry had an immediate effect on global investment. The term is now associated with overvalued markets and speculation without rational evaluation, and is also the title of a book by Robert J. Shiller. Irrational exuberance is a term that many financiers will instantly recognize. These […]
A catch-up strategy is an accounting practice used to claim tax deductions at the end of the year for expenses incurred at the beginning of the year. It is often used by limited partnerships and as part of a tax shelter strategy, but is no longer permissible in some countries. Limitations are often placed on […]
Growth rates measure the increase in value of a specific economic factor over time, useful for projecting returns and evaluating historical data. Expected rates predict future growth based on factors like revenue and profitability, while trailing rates evaluate past growth. Comparing a company’s growth rate to industry benchmarks helps investors make informed decisions. A growth […]
Social finance involves investing in socially responsible regions, businesses, and practices while avoiding those that are not socially responsible. It includes funding initiatives that promote responsible actions and avoiding harmful activities such as child labor. Socially responsible investing is a part of social finance and can be done through socially responsible funds that focus on […]
Real return is the actual amount of money an investor earns on an investment, taking into account fees, dividends, and commissions. Nominal return is the stated percentage an investor will earn, but it does not consider inflation. To calculate the real rate of return, subtract external factors from the nominal rate of return. Understanding real […]
Large employers are turning to third-party administrative services-only plans to control the rising cost of group health insurance. These plans provide underwriting, accounting, and administration services while the employer assumes financial risk and pays claims. TPAs offer health and dental insurance, disability plans, and pension policies. These plans handle claims processing, billing, and employee communications. […]
International trade involves risks in trade finance, including legal, financial, and political risks. One risk is that an importer may not pay for goods or an exporter may not fulfill an order. A letter of credit is a financial document that represents a risk in trade finance. Mitigating risk can be done by doing business […]
A finance counselor helps individuals manage their finances and debt, while a financial consultant offers advice on investments and may receive commissions. The counselor collects financial information and helps clients create payment plans, including debt consolidation. They may work independently or for a finance advisory service. A finance counselor is one who struggles with individuals […]
Corporate finance services, offered by banks, can provide credit or access to financial markets to help businesses expand. These services may include credit cards, incentives, and corporate finance options for small businesses, such as SCOR. Commercial mortgages with special terms may also be available. When a business needs additional capital to expand or complete a […]
International corporate finance involves managing assets for large companies in multiple countries, with a focus on working capital, cash, debt, and inventory management. Different countries have varying approaches to managerial finance, with cultural standards and laws impacting practices. Equity, cash, and short-term financing are managed through local or regional banking systems, while debt and inventory […]
Corporate finance includes project and export finance, which use a mix of debt and equity to pay for business operations. Export financing involves factoring, where a domestic firm sells goods at a discount to a foreign entity. Factoring allows manufacturers to receive money upfront, which can be used to repay loans. Project and export finance […]
Creating a personal finance spreadsheet involves listing recurring monthly expenses in separate columns, with corresponding payments. The sheet should also include total monthly income and expenses, and can be customized with job sheets and notes. Before creating the sheet, it’s important to analyze monthly expenses and income, and establish a filing system. The sheet can […]
General order refers to the process of importing goods into the US that are not immediately released through customs, and may incur fines until the issue is resolved. This can be due to incomplete documentation or suspicion of irregularities. A general order is related to the goods importation process. The term is commonly used in […]
Capital finance is a way for corporations to raise money by issuing shares, which can be used for expansion, projects, or product development. An IPO is the introduction of stocks in the financial markets, and a follow-up offer can dilute the position of current stockholders. Dividends are optional payments to stockholders, and certain sectors, such […]
Parking violations involve hiding the identity of stock owners by having a third party hold or finance the stock. This illegal tactic is often used for hostile takeovers, but is risky due to legal requirements to report ownership. A parking violation is an illegal tactic where stock is “parked,” as it were, with a third […]
