The CFO oversees financial operations and strategic planning, often considered second-in-command to the CEO. They manage budgeting, fundraising, investment strategies, risk management, and acquisitions. CFOs may specialize in one aspect of operations management and typically hold a degree in business administration or are certified public accountants. The chief financial officer (CFO) is an executive-level position […]
Trade finance programs sponsored by international or government finance organizations encourage banks to finance commercial transactions in areas with failing financial markets. Programs include credit guarantees, revolving lines of credit, and risk mitigation programs, particularly in regions with currency restrictions. Regional trade finance programs promote trade exchanges within the region and support member country banks […]
Financial ratios are used to assess a company’s financial strength or weakness. Market ratios determine a company’s value as an investment, while liquidity ratios show the rate of assets that can be quickly converted into cash. Activity ratios measure how quickly assets can be turned into sales or cash, and debt ratios show how much […]
Personal finance involves managing income, expenses, and assets to achieve financial security. It includes identifying income sources, setting a budget, saving for retirement, and monitoring and adjusting the budget as needed. Personal finance is the process of effectively managing the assets owned by an individual or a family. The approach dictates that attention be paid […]
The actual market is the range between the asking price and the amount the consumer is willing to pay. Both buyers and sellers aim to identify the scope of the market for a mutually beneficial transaction. Understanding the current real market can increase the chances of making a sale for the seller, while buyers analyze […]
A parking violation is when shares are held by a third party to hide the owner’s identity, often for a hostile takeover. This is illegal if not reported to the SEC, but some do it to avoid detection. A parking violation is an illegal tactic where shares are “parked,” so to speak, with a third […]
Round-trip transactions involve selling an asset to another company with an agreement to repurchase it in the future, increasing apparent sales and revenue. However, it can be difficult to determine actual sales and can create financial difficulties. Some regulatory agencies consider it misleading to count revenue from these transactions. Sometimes known as round-trip transactions or […]
Corporate finance strategies vary among companies using financial markets to raise funds. The ultimate goal is to improve shareholder value and grow profits, with strategies including capital injections and risk management. Debt issuance requires ongoing payments to investors, supporting long-term budgeting. When companies use the financial markets to raise funds, the outcome may be similar […]
Net change is the difference between a stock’s closing values on two consecutive days, providing short-term change in value for stock analysts. Dividends and stock splits do not affect net change, which is denominated in dollars and cents. The net change is the difference between the closing values of shares on two consecutive days. On […]
Pyramiding is a speculative technique used to increase profits by reinvesting unrealized profits, but it can backfire in a weak market. It is commonly used by experienced speculators and involves trading on margin, which can result in a margin call if investments fall in value. The concept also applies to heavily leveraged corporations and illegal […]
Tax estate financing offers tax benefits to investors who contribute assets to a project or business. Methods include asset contribution, allocation, flipping, and reallocation, with renewable energy being a prevalent industry. Tax benefits reduce an investor’s income and liabilities, encouraging business expansion. Tax estate financing is a way to contribute financial resources to a project […]
Linkers, or inflation-indexed bonds, adjust returns for inflation to guarantee a real return for investors. This reduces risk, but may result in a slightly lower yield compared to other bonds. Linkers are a type of bond where the interest payment is linked to inflation. They are formally known as inflation-indexed bonds. The idea of the […]
Financial systems are essential for economic transactions, from internal company operations to international transactions. Components such as money, credit cards, and checks, and mechanisms like accounting methods and financing procedures facilitate these systems. Weak financial systems can lead to inflation, excessive debt, and global financial crises. The financial system refers to a set of components […]
Corporate finance models, such as dividends, loans, and current assets, provide businesses with a repeatable process to calculate budget, project pricing, and capital structure information. Spreadsheets and computer programs can help complete these tasks quickly. These models also allow companies to evaluate potential projects and determine the most profitable ones. The capital structure model helps […]
The best personal finance calculator should have budgeting tools, track spending habits, and calculate mortgage payments and savings. It should also be able to generate reports and track multiple users. To choose the best personal finance calculator, look for one with some basic budgeting tools to meet a variety of needs. Look for a calculator […]
Bucketing, an unethical and illegal practice in the financial community, involves a broker confirming a customer’s order without executing it, with the hope of making enough profit to compensate the client later. It can be done by executing the transaction on the broker’s own account or confirming the order without fulfilling it. Penalties for bucketing […]
A wide open occurs when there is a large spread between bid and ask prices at the start of a trading session, but it usually corrects itself as more traders become active. Market makers and specialists help narrow the spread, making trading easier. Wide opens are not necessarily a cause for concern and usually cannot […]
Health care financial management involves controlling costs and managing money matters to maintain business growth, reasonable service costs, and quality services. It includes planning for growth, managing risk, and handling accounting functions efficiently. Health care financial management refers to the methods by which health care facilities control costs and manage money matters. Medical practices must […]
Short-term financial management involves budgeting for periods of one year or less, balancing short-term income and expenses, and factoring in long-term obligations. Businesses, governments, and individuals create short-term financial plans to ensure obligations are paid and future costs are covered. Short-term financial management involves creating departmental budgets, examining past sales data, and using loans to […]
International trade relies on financing methods such as working capital financing, cash upfront, and open accounts, which use trade finance products to increase cash flow and reduce risk. Exporters choose financing methods based on resources and transactional risk, with access to international markets expanding customer bases. Working capital financing, cash advance, and open account terms […]
