The Hawthorne effect is the increase in productivity resulting from observation by management or researchers. The effect was discovered in experiments conducted between 1924 and 1932 at the Hawthorne Works plant. The experiments tested various factors, and lead researcher Elton Mayo concluded that productivity depended on organizational sociology. The Hawthorne effect was only isolated and […]
Nathaniel Hawthorne was a 19th-century American author who opposed the transcendentalist movement and believed that sin was inherent in man. He was born in Salem, Massachusetts, and educated at Bowdoin College. He published his first book of stories, Twice-Told Tales, in 1837 and became engaged to Sophia Peabody in 1838. They joined a Transcendentalist utopian […]
