Mandibular hypoplasia is an underdevelopment of the lower jaw that can be congenital or caused by trauma. It can lead to complications such as difficulty breathing and swallowing. Treatment involves reconstructive surgery. Broken down in its literal definition, mandibular hypoplasia means an incomplete jaw. “Mandibular” is the anatomical term that refers to the lower jaw […]
Thymic hypoplasia is a disorder where the thymus gland is underdeveloped, making people more prone to infections. It can occur as part of DiGeorge syndrome, which can cause heart defects, facial abnormalities, seizures, and learning disabilities. Treatment may involve a bone marrow or thymus tissue transplant, or immunoglobulin therapy. The outlook depends on the degree […]
Hypoplasia is incomplete formation of a structure or organ, caused by genetic conditions or fetal development errors. Treatments vary depending on complications, and can include plastic surgery or prosthetic devices. Aplasia is a more serious condition characterized by the complete lack of formation of an organ or structure. Medical imaging and physical exams can be […]
Enamel hypoplasia is a tooth enamel defect that causes missing enamel, resulting in small dents, grooves, or dimples on the tooth’s surface. It is caused by malnutrition, disease, infection, or fever during tooth formation. Treatment options include restoring the affected enamel, proper oral hygiene, fluoride treatments, and avoiding sugary foods. In extreme cases, the affected […]
Congenital hypoplasia is a genetic condition where a structure in the body does not fully develop, leading to medical problems. It can be passed on to children, and treatment options include hormone replacement therapy and surgery. Genetic counseling is recommended for parents. Congenital hypoplasia is undergrowth of tissue that leads to medical problems, depending on […]
Pulmonary hypoplasia is a condition that affects the development of the lungs and pulmonary alveoli in fetuses and newborns, potentially resulting in life-threatening complications. Diagnosis can be aided by non-invasive tests such as MRI and CT scans, and treatment may involve corrective surgery and assisted ventilation. Survivors may require ongoing medical management due to increased […]
Cerebellar hypoplasia is a congenital condition where the cerebellum fails to develop fully. It can be caused by exposure to teratogenic compounds or genetic disorders. Treatment includes physiotherapy and speech therapy, and supportive care for developmental disabilities and medical problems. The severity varies, and some people with the condition can lead active lives. It can […]
Optic nerve hypoplasia is a congenital condition that causes poorly developed vision, often accompanied by hormonal and developmental abnormalities. It is typically diagnosed in children aged three to four years and can lead to abnormal brain function, seizures, and pituitary gland malfunction. There is no cure, but affected individuals may receive regular care from an […]
Midfacial hypoplasia is a condition where the center of the face develops more slowly than other parts, causing features in the center to be smaller. In severe cases, it can affect appearance and health and may be a symptom of other health problems or genetic disorders. Treatment may involve surgery. In midfacial hypoplasia, the center […]
