Industrial radiography uses X-ray or gamma radiation to detect hidden flaws and defects in materials. It is non-destructive and can be used in various industries. Radiation penetrates the object and exposes a film, with cracks and fissures appearing as anomalies. Radiation sources include betatrons, linear accelerators, and radioactive isotopes. Safety measures must always be followed. […]
Industrial laser cutting uses focused beams of light to cut precise shapes from materials like steel and polycarbonate. There are three main machine configurations: moving material, flying optics, and hybrid systems. Laser cutting provides a clean edge and flexibility but is not always suitable for large-scale production. The process uses a head and table, with […]
Industrial hygiene training teaches people how to maintain safe working conditions, identify workplace hazards, and implement health and safety policies. It can range from basic workshops to comprehensive training for industrial hygienists. Employers can pay for the training, and it is useful for health and safety officers and insurance inspectors. Techniques include testing the air […]
The Indus Valley Civilization was an advanced ancient civilization that existed from 3300 BC to 1500 BC in present-day Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan. They achieved engineering, agricultural, and artistic advancements, and traded with Mesopotamia. Over 50 cities have been excavated, indicating a large population. They created pictographs but did not have a true written language. […]
