Membrane roofing is replacing traditional asphalt roofs due to its reduced leakage and bundling. There are three types: thermosetting, thermoplastic, and modified bitumen. Membrane roofs have fewer leaks, require no shingle coating, and reflect the sun’s rays. Membrane roofing is a type of roofing system designed to reduce leakage and bundling associated with other roofing […]
Silicone membranes are versatile and can be used in keyboard covers, personal electronics accessories, research, nanotechnology, roofing, and more. They can be molded into any shape and are often cheaper than other materials. Silicone membranes are commonly used in keycaps and protective covers for electronic devices, as well as in high voltage devices and nanotech […]
Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is a respiratory condition that affects premature babies born at less than 35 weeks of gestation, causing difficulty breathing and a layer of debris and dead tissue to build up in the lungs. Treatment involves giving the baby oxygen-rich air and supporting the baby if they have severe breathing problems. The […]
A waterproofing membrane is a layer that prevents water passage, commonly used in construction and clothing. It is often sandwiched between two layers and can be multiple layers thick. Waterproofing is a matter of degree, and water-resistant materials allow some water penetration. In clothing, the membrane is chemically bonded between two layers of fabric. In […]
Membrane distillation separates liquids by creating a temperature gradient across a membrane, allowing only steam to pass through and condense into purified liquid. It has various applications, including desalination, and requires little energy, making it suitable for remote areas. Membrane distillation is a process used to separate or purify liquids. The technology works by creating […]
The basement membrane anchors and supports epithelium and endothelium, serving as a barrier against foreign bodies and helping with angiogenesis. Diseases can weaken or malfunction the membrane, such as Goodpasture syndrome and Alport syndrome. The basement membrane (membrana basalis) is a thin layer of basal lamina and reticular lamina that anchors and supports the epithelium […]
A serous membrane is a thin layer of tissue with serous fluid that reduces friction between organs. It is found around organs and body cavities and can be called different names depending on the location. Problems with the membrane can be related to fluid or tissue layers and can be life-threatening. Malignant mesothelioma is a […]
Mitochondrial membranes can refer to the inner or outer membrane of a mitochondrial cell. Eukaryotes have mitochondria responsible for producing ATP through aerobic respiration. The inner membrane forms cristae, while the outer membrane acts as a filter. The cristae have a larger surface area for enzyme production, providing more energy for the cell. For purposes […]
Membrane filtration separates particles from liquid for purification, with various techniques available. Solvent passes through a semipermeable membrane, with pore size calculated for optimum efficiency. Industrial uses are common, with subsequent filtration and minimal energy required. Applications include waste management, food handling, medicine, and laboratory science. Proper maintenance is important. Membrane filtration is a technique […]
Membrane potential is the voltage across a cell membrane, important in nerve cells. Ion channels allow potassium to move across the membrane, while ion pumps move sodium out and potassium in, creating a negative charge inside. An action potential occurs when a nerve stimulus opens sodium channels, making the membrane less negative. Potassium channels then […]
Integral membrane proteins (IMPs) span the entire cell membrane and are permanently attached. They are classified into two groups: transmembrane and monotopic. Transmembrane IMPs are the most common and include receptors, transporters, and transmitters. Monotopic IMPs are attached to the membrane on one side and include enzymes. IMPs can only be removed with specific chemical […]
All cells have a resting membrane potential, which is the voltage difference between the fluids inside and outside the cell. This is important for transmitting electrical signals in nerve and muscle cells. The voltage difference is maintained by channels that control the flow of ions, such as potassium and sodium. When a cell receives a […]
Lipids are essential for active transport, enzyme activity, and membrane formation. They are insoluble in water and have two distinct areas with different affinities for water and oil. Membrane lipids arrange themselves in a bilayer, with their hydrophilic heads prominent and hydrophobic tails in the middle. Membrane lipids are the most predominant molecules in living […]
Membrane separation is a process used to filter substances from a mixture through a porous membrane. It has practical applications in water filtration and creating concentrated solutions. The main types of membrane separation are reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration. The texture and chemical composition of the membrane determine which materials pass through it. Membrane […]
Membrane technology uses filters to separate substances in various industries, including water filtration, biotechnology, and medicine. Different types of membrane technology include reverse osmosis, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration, with varying pore sizes. It is a complex area of scientific research with many specialized applications. Membrane technology is a term that refers to a number of […]
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports the heart and lungs of seriously ill people by circulating blood outside the body through an oxygenation membrane. There are two types of ECMO, veno-arterial and veno-venous, and it is commonly used in pediatrics. However, it is a therapy of last resort due to the risks of heavy bleeding and […]
