Fat oxidation disorders are genetic diseases that prevent the body from properly obtaining energy from fat. There are several types, including MCAD, VLCAD, and TFP deficiency, which can lead to serious health problems if left untreated. Symptoms can occur in infancy or early childhood and include fatigue, loss of appetite, and seizures. Treatment and early […]
Glucose oxidation is a process that breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy stored in ATP. It consists of three stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport system. ATP is essential for cellular metabolism and various cellular functions. Glucose oxidation is a chemical process that provides energy for an […]
Oxidation is the interaction between oxygen molecules and substances, causing loss of at least one electron. It can be beneficial, as in anodized aluminum, or destructive, such as rusting. Protection, like wax or paint, can prevent oxidation, and stainless steel doesn’t rust due to its coating. A freshly cut apple turns brown, a bicycle fender […]
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coats metal objects with a ceramic oxide layer, providing resistance to corrosion and wear. PEO uses higher electrical potentials than anodizing, creating plasma discharges that form thick oxide layers. The process dates back to the 1950s and involves inducing metals to form a protective oxide coating under the correct conditions. PEO […]
Atoms form ionic bonds by giving or accepting electrons and covalent bonds by sharing electrons. Oxidation numbers represent electron sharing, loss, or gain. Oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent, but other elements can also oxidize. Elements have different oxidation numbers, and ions have an overall oxidation number. Atoms combine by giving and accepting negatively charged […]
Alpha oxidation is a process that shortens fatty acid derivatives with a methyl group attached to the beta carbon. Inadequate alpha oxidation leads to phytanic acid accumulation, causing Refsum’s disease. Treatment involves diet and plasmapheresis, but enzymatic treatment is hoped to reduce phytanic acid buildup. Alpha oxidation, or α-oxidation, is the name assigned to the […]
Wet oxidation removes organic contaminants from wastewater by heating it to high temperatures and injecting it with high-pressure air. Introducing air at higher pressures above the critical point of water creates a single phase and allows for better oxidation. Catalysts can be used to achieve wet catalytic oxidation reactions under subcritical conditions. Materials of construction […]
Beta-oxidation breaks down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA for energy. Malonyl-CoA regulates the process by controlling the transport of fatty acyl-CoA into the mitochondria. Four reactions repeat until the final products are two molecules of acetyl-CoA. Unsaturated fatty acids require an additional step to convert the double bond from cis to trans. Beta-oxidation is a metabolic […]
