Refraction is the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another due to a change in speed. It applies to light, sound, and water waves and can cause objects to appear displaced. Refractive index indicates how fast waves will travel in a medium and increases with density. Refraction is used in lenses […]
Seismic refraction measures seismic waves’ travel time through the ground to map depths of less than 100 feet, rock quality, and strength. Geophones record waves, and velocities provide information about the material beneath the surface. Seismic reflection collects images of bedrock from reflected waves. The geological profiling method known as seismic refraction measures the time […]
