Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aorta, often caused by congenital malformations or calcification of the valve. It can cause hypertrophy, regurgitation, and damage to growth and brain development. Treatment includes balloon valvuloplasty, valve replacement with mechanical or pig valves, or the Ross procedure. Lifelong observation by a cardiologist is required, and patients should […]
Renal artery stenosis is a narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the kidneys, often caused by atherosclerosis. It can lead to kidney failure and high blood pressure. Diagnosis is through imaging and function tests. Treatment includes monitoring, medication, and surgery in severe cases. Renal artery stenosis is a narrowing of the arteries that […]
Cervical stenosis is a spinal condition where the spinal canal narrows in the cervical vertebrae, causing numbness, tingling, and shooting pains. It is caused by wear and tear on the vertebrae and can be diagnosed through medical imaging. Treatment options include medication, physical therapy, and surgery. Cervical stenosis is a spinal condition characterized by a […]
Foraminal stenosis is a condition where nerves are pinched or severed due to the narrowing of small openings between vertebrae in the spine. Arthritis, bulging discs, and congenital deformities are common causes. Mild cases can be treated with anti-inflammatory medication and physical therapy, while severe cases may require surgery. Symptoms depend on the location and […]
Cervical stenosis, a narrowing of the cervix, can cause irregular or no periods, painful periods, and infertility. It is often related to other conditions and can be diagnosed through a physical exam or Pap smear. Treatment involves dilation of the cervix and addressing underlying conditions. Many women have cervical stenosis and don’t even know it. […]
Pulmonary stenosis is a common congenital heart defect that narrows the pulmonary valve, causing potential heart failure. Mild cases may not require treatment, but balloon valvuloplasty is a successful nonsurgical option. Surgical options include valve replacement, which is routine and has excellent survival rates. Children may need long-term monitoring by a cardiologist. Immediate intervention is […]
Neural foraminal stenosis is the narrowing of openings in the spine that can compress nerves, causing symptoms like numbness and pain. It can be congenital or acquired, and treatment options include surgery, pain management devices, and physical therapy. Patients should ask about prognosis and risks when discussing treatment options. Neural foraminal stenosis is a narrowing […]
Carotid artery stenosis occurs when the carotid arteries become narrower, reducing blood flow to the brain and increasing the risk of stroke. It can be caused by cholesterol and fat plaque buildup or high levels of platelets in the blood. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent strokes, and treatment options include reducing risk factors, taking […]
