Volumetric efficiency measures the amount of air and fuel in a cylinder at a specific moment and is expressed as a percentage. The theoretical maximum amount of air pumped into an engine and the actual amount of air pumped are compared to determine efficiency. Factors like friction loss, leakage, and engine design affect actual air […]
A volumetric pipette is a glass tube used to measure and transfer liquid accurately. It has markings calibrated to operate at 20°F and comes in different sizes. Proper use requires temperature control, cleanliness, and no trapped air bubbles. Meniscus should be viewed at eye level to avoid errors. A volumetric pipette, also spelled pipette, is […]
Displacement pumps create pressure imbalances to move liquids, with positive displacement pumps having expanding suction and decreasing discharge cavities. Safety valves are necessary to prevent bursts and spills. Reciprocating and helical root pumps are the two main types, with diaphragm pumps used for hazardous materials and helical root pumps for high viscosity liquids. Displacement pumps […]
