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Tank pressure in oil and gas reservoirs changes due to geological processes and human activities. Measurements are taken to understand pressure fluctuations and locate high and low pressure areas. Pressure information is useful for equipment assembly and estimating tank throughput.
Tank pressure is a measure of the pressure within an oil and gas reservoir. This changes over time in response to geological processes, as well as human activities such as drilling into the reservoir to extract resources. When people provide measurements, they usually include information about the timing of the data collection, as this can be important in understanding the meaning of the measurement. For example, initial reservoir pressure is the measurement taken before people started exploiting resources in the reservoir.
The reservoirs, rather than taking the form of a large bubble beneath the ground, are usually found in deposits of highly porous or broken rock underground. The pressure inside can vary between pores and cracks, and people usually take a series of measurements so that a meaningful average can be obtained. They can also graph reservoir pressure in an area to show high and low pressure locations, as this information can be useful when preparing for drilling.
Sometimes, the pressure is so high and a deposit is so close to the surface that petroleum products bubble up without any outside help, forming deposits on the earth’s crust. When people drill in fields, natural pressure can push oil and gas up the drilling rig, making it easier for people to extract it. Very high pressure bags can become dangerous, as they can create explosions or other safety risks for site workers.
When people extract oil and gas from a tank, the pressure will drop. When the well is closed, the tank pressure can slowly build up. On-site personnel can take note of high and low readings, as well as take pressure measurements after resource extraction is complete, to determine how much the pressure fluctuates once they stop drilling. This can be important for people monitoring the health of closed drilling sites, as they want to be sure they detect pressure build-ups early so they can deal with them.
People can use a variety of tools to determine tank pressure. Computer systems handle many of the necessary calculations so people no longer have to do the math by hand. Pressure information is useful for everything from properly assembling equipment to estimating the throughput a tank can deliver. Typically a geological survey team will conduct pressure measurements while gathering other background data on a potential drilling site so companies can decide if they want to move forward with setup operations.
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