Acidic foods and drinks can cause irreversible dental erosion, leading to tooth sensitivity, color changes, and breakage. Prevention includes limiting acid intake, waiting to brush teeth after consuming acid, and consuming low-acid foods and drinks. Treatment options depend on the severity of erosion.
A tooth is covered in a hard substance called enamel. The acids that form in a person’s mouth from eating certain foods or drinking beverages such as fruit juice or wine can gradually wear away this tough, protective lining. This chemical process is irreversible and is known as dental erosion. The process causes a loss of tooth structure and is a common dental disease, particularly in children and adolescents.
When a tooth erodes, it typically becomes sensitive to changes in hot and cold temperatures. In appearance, the tooth may also change color: Teeth often turn yellow but appear pale around the edges. Additionally, the erosion process can also cause a tooth to bend, which could lead to breakage.
Erosion is triggered by an overabundance of acid in the mouth. Some foods and drinks, including sports drinks, orange juice, bottled water, sodas, and pickles, contain acid. A person suffering from acid reflux may also experience tooth erosion as acid from the stomach makes its way into the mouth. A person who suffers from morning sickness or is bulimic or anorexic may also suffer from dental erosion, as repeatedly vomiting produces acid. Other sources that can lead to tooth erosion include chewing aspirin, consuming an overabundance of alcohol, and being exposed to chemicals like chlorine in a swimming pool.
Tooth erosion can be prevented by limiting your intake of foods or drinks that are high in acid. After vomiting or consuming acidic foods or drinks, a person should wait at least 60 minutes before brushing their teeth. If a person brushes too early, it can damage tooth enamel and accelerate the erosion process. When brushing your teeth, most dentists recommend brushing gently with a soft-bristled appliance and using a hypersensitive toothpaste that contains fluoride.
Limiting snacking between meals can also help prevent tooth erosion. If an individual needs a snack, he can eat foods that are low in acid, such as breads, fruits and vegetables. Additionally, a person can reduce the risk of dental erosion by consuming beverages such as tea, milk, and water that are not acidic. After ingesting acidic foods or drinks, rinsing with water can also reduce the risk of enamel loss.
Treatment for tooth erosion depends on the severity of the condition. If the erosion is limited, no treatment may be needed. However, if the erosion is extreme, the tooth may need to be repaired. Options also include a root canal, bridge, crown or implant.
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