Transportation engineering focuses on making the movement of people and goods easy, convenient, predictable, and environmentally friendly. It includes subsets such as aerospace, waterway, aviation, urban transportation, and highway engineering. The pre-planning phase is crucial, and road and airport engineering are important subdisciplines. Transportation engineers follow a set of procedures for each project, involving planning, design, construction, and maintenance.
The discipline of transportation engineering is the branch of civil engineering that focuses specifically on the movement of people and goods. Transportation engineering professionals focus on making this movement as easy, convenient, predictable, and environmentally friendly as possible. Transportation is an important aspect of modern life, so it makes sense that transportation engineering is an important branch of civil engineering. This branch has several subsets within it, including aerospace, waterway, aviation, urban transportation, and highway engineering.
The pre-planning phase, before the project begins, is where most of the transportation engineering takes place. The structural engineer must analyze the existing transportation system and evaluate the area that will be affected by the planned transportation project. The engineer must create what is known as an inventory or database of information, such as the size of the population in the area, how the land is being used, existing travel patterns on the transportation network, expectations of the community , the financial resources of the project and any applicable laws.
The subdiscipline of road engineering covers the design, construction, and repair of highways and neighborhood roads. Road engineers may be called upon to repair a particularly high-traffic, high-risk intersection. They should evaluate how best to improve that intersection through new signage, construction, traffic patterns or traffic lights, taking into account driving behaviour, the types of vehicles on that particular carriageway and the existing carriageway.
Another type of transportation engineering is airport engineering, which deals with the design, construction, and repair of airports. When building an airport, airport engineers must take into account a number of factors, such as typical wind patterns and speeds, and the size of airplanes that will be using the airport. They can then determine which direction to build the runway in, how big it should be, and how to space out safety zones and aircraft gates.
Whatever branch of discipline they practice, transportation engineers follow a set of procedures for each project they participate in. In general, transportation engineering involves the planning and design of a given transportation project, followed by its construction and maintenance. Every project is different, depending on how big it is, how much and what types of a given building material it will require and what its ultimate function will be.
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