Axle parts include wheel studs, axle bearings, splines, C-clips, differentials, and ring gears. Some parts are specific to front or rear axles, such as CV joints and axle housing. Shock mounts, spring pads, and reinforcement plates strengthen the assembly, while kingpins allow steering.
Wheel studs, axle bearings, and splines are all parts of the axle. Other axle parts are C-clips, differentials, and ring gears. Features such as spring pads, differential covers, and gaskets are also required to assemble the shafts. Many axle parts are specific to a front or rear axle, such as the constant velocity joint (CV joint) and CV joint boot used on a front axle and the axle housing, pinion gears, and differential cover that They are located on a rear axle. Some parts, such as the kingpins, kingpin bushings, and panhard rods, are unique to a straight front axle.
C-clips are the axle parts that secure the rear axle inside the axle housing on some rear wheel drive versions of the rear axle. Shaft bearing is common on several types of shafts and requires shaft parts such as bearing retainer plates and locking collars. Some axle styles use a two-piece axle, with the axle shaft and axle flange forming the two pieces. The flange on this type of axle uses splines and a square key stock section to hold the axle together. Other modern axle parts include an exciter ring, which is used in anti-lock brake applications.
Occasionally an axle will have shock mounts attached to it. This is especially true with the rear axle on many front-wheel drive vehicles. This type of axle also has axle parts such as spring pads and reinforcement plates that are used to strengthen the axle assembly. Many of these axles also have special mounts welded to the axle assembly to make it possible to attach the axle to the vehicle frame. This type of axle also uses a wheel nut to secure the wheel hub assembly to the axle.
On some front axle designs, axle parts are used to attach the steering gear to the axle. Drag links, sway bars, and tie rod ends are all attached to one part of the axle. This design also integrates the front leaf spring mounting pads into the axle frame. U-bolts and nuts are used to attach the springs to the axle beam. Small rubber pads are placed between the shaft and the spring to act as a type of shock absorber and prevent squeal. The critical axle parts of a front steering axle are the kingpins that allow the steering knuckles to rotate on the axle, allowing the vehicle to steer and turn.
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