Universities offer various biology degree programs for undergraduate and graduate students, including Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts degrees. Graduate programs are available for those who want to work as researchers, and doctorates are the most advanced programs. Some courses are now available online.
Universities and colleges offer a variety of degree programs in biology for both undergraduate and graduate students. Some of these degree programs are classified as arts courses while others are considered as sciences. Undergraduate and graduate programs typically involve several subtopics, such as marine biology or zoology, and university applicants often take these options into account when deciding which university to apply to.
Among the degree programs in biology offered by many universities are Bachelor of Science (BS) degrees. Students who enroll in these courses typically study animal and plant biology, and classes contain lectures and hands-on laboratory sessions. People who plan to work as researchers typically complete a BS program before continuing to study the topic in more depth in graduate school. Some universities combine bachelor’s degrees in biology with teacher training programs, although these courses are designed to prepare people to teach in elementary and high schools rather than colleges or universities.
Many educational establishments offer degree programs in biology that are Bachelor of Arts (BA) degrees and not bachelor’s degrees. While a BS program involves a significant amount of practical work, a bachelor’s degree is largely theory-based. At one point, BA courses were also distinguished from BS programs by the fact that the former were often taught partially in Latin. In many cases, people enrolled in joint honors programs will take bachelor’s degree courses in biology, and these courses are aimed at those who want to learn the science rather than those who want to put their skills to practical use. As with bachelor’s degrees, a bachelor’s degree program may include classes in zoology, marine biology, and animal science.
Students who have completed undergraduate biology programs can continue their studies by enrolling in graduate programs. As with undergraduate degrees, master’s programs are science or arts courses. People who want to work as researchers tend to enroll in master’s courses, while master’s programs are more theoretical and often attract candidates who plan to work in non-science related jobs but who could benefit from having some knowledge of the topic.
The most advanced biology programs are doctorates. These courses typically run for several years and students are often required to complete a dissertation that focuses on one element of the topic. Typically, senior professors and heads of departments at universities are people who have completed a doctorate, while jobs for junior lecturers are often given to people with a master’s degree.
In the past, biology courses consisted of classroom sessions and face-to-face interaction with professors. Since the end of the 20th century, many colleges have started to offer courses online, although some of them still involve students who need to participate in at least one laboratory session. Also, other colleges offer email-based sessions that work the same way, except that students and faculty correspond by mail instead of email.
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