Combustion equipment burns fuel with oxygen to produce energy. Types include furnaces, boilers, turbines, and engines, which use different fuel sources such as oil, gas, coal, or wood. Furnaces produce thermal, mechanical, or electrical energy, while boilers produce steam or heated water. Turbines use gas or liquid to rotate blades and engines ignite fuel to create mechanical energy. Different fuels are used, such as petroleum products, natural gas, coal, or wood.
Combustion equipment is a machine designed to burn a fuel source in combination with the oxygen in the air to produce heat and energy. The different types of combustion equipment include furnaces, boilers, turbines and engines. The design can be further identified by the fuel source such as oil, natural gas, coal or wood.
A furnace, or direct fired heater, is a type of enclosed chamber in which heat is generated by the combustion of a certain type of fuel. A fan introduces air into the heating chamber where it is combined with fuel and burned. A furnace can be used to produce thermal energy for heat itself, converted into mechanical energy to drive a process, or into electrical energy as in a power plant. The heat generated can be transferred away from the furnace through pipes filled with water, air or heat transfer oil.
Boilers are units of combustion equipment that produce steam or heated water to run industrial processes or to provide heat for buildings. The main types of industrial boilers are water pipe and fire pipe. Water-tube boilers move water through tubes that pass through a furnace chamber where the fuel is burned. The heat from combustion transfers through the walls of the pipe to heat the water and create steam. Fire-tube boilers send the heated gases generated by fuel combustion through tubes that pass through a water-filled chamber, where the heat transfer causes the water to evaporate into steam.
Turbines are machines that create power through the rotation of blades or vanes by the movement of gas or liquid. A gas turbine uses a compressor to produce pressurized air. Combustion of compressed air mixed with fuel generates a high pressure gas that drives a rotor. This type of combustion equipment is found in small capacity power plants and jet engines.
An internal combustion engine produces energy by igniting fuel under high pressure in an enclosed space. The gas expansion created by fuel combustion is transformed into mechanical energy to move a crankshaft or rotor. These engines drive automobiles, electric generators, pumps, forklifts, and other industrial machinery.
Various fuels are used by different types of combustion equipment. Liquid petroleum products are the most common fuel sources in engines and turbines and can include gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and heavier residual products such as bunker fuel. A large number of boilers, especially those that produce heat in buildings, are powered by natural gas. Coal-burning power plants produce a significant percentage of the energy used worldwide. Wood-fired ovens are less common in industrial applications and are more likely in residential use.
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