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Discrimination based on age, gender, race, sexual orientation, and disability can occur, with some forms being illegal. Age discrimination often affects older people in employment, while gender discrimination can occur in hiring and job requirements. Racial discrimination can limit housing and employment opportunities. Disability discrimination can occur in employment and other areas.
Discrimination can occur because of age, gender or many other factors. Depending on the jurisdiction, some grounds for discriminating against a person are illegal. Age is one of the reasons why a person could be discriminated against, whether young or old. Sex is another reason; for example, an employer may prefer to hire men or refuse to hire people whose gender is not obvious. In some places, racial discrimination is rampant, meaning people prefer a certain race over another.
When people talk about age discrimination, they are often referring to discriminatory actions against older people. Middle-aged or older people sometimes fail to get a job they are suited for or are fired from current jobs in favor of a position for someone younger. However, young people can, and often are, discriminated against. For example, a young person might lose a job opportunity because the employer prefers to hire older people, believing that someone older will do a better overall job.
Sometimes, people can be discriminated against based on gender or sexual orientation. Some employers may discriminate based on these facts because of their own personal feelings or ideas about what the job requires. For example, an employer at a restaurant might prefer waitresses over male waitresses because he believes that women make better waitresses. Another example would be an employer who does not want to hire a woman for a certain job because he believes that women are not comfortable with a physically demanding job. In other situations, an employer may simply dislike a certain gender or sexual orientation instead of believing that a certain gender or sexual orientation is inferior.
Racial discrimination can lead to limited housing opportunities, unemployment, and much more for the discriminated race. This type of discrimination is often based on physical appearance; for example, a landlord might refuse to rent to people with dark skin. While this type of discrimination is rarely seen in some jurisdictions, it is rampant in others.
There is also disability discrimination, which is where a skilled but disabled person applies for a job and is rejected because of the disability. Refusal based on a disability is not normally considered discriminatory if the disability otherwise prevents the disabled applicant from performing necessary work activities. While disability discrimination usually refers to actions taken by an employer, there are other ways to discriminate against people with disabilities as well.
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