Irrigation is important for agriculture, increasing crop yields and reducing excess water. Different methods include surface, drip, and localized irrigation, as well as irrigation systems with sprinklers or mobile robots.
Irrigating fields can be an important part of the agricultural process. Good field irrigation can increase crop yields or could help reduce excess water that could contribute to potential flooding. It can also help eliminate the presence of unwanted plants such as weeds, which can inhibit the growth of valuable crops.
Irrigation is a tactic that has been used since the beginning of agriculture. Basically, irrigation means that water is artificially added to the soil. Many different methods of field irrigation have been used depending on field location, local climatic conditions, and the intention of irrigation. As modern technology has grown, field irrigation techniques have been developed to produce better results.
A basic watering technique is simply the use of a bucket or watering can. The farmer or worker goes to the individual plant and supplies each with the necessary water. Despite its simplicity, this approach requires very little infrastructure, requiring only a manpower, the necessary buckets and a constant supply of water.
Surface irrigation is a simple form of field irrigation that uses gravity and slope of the land to deliver water to crops or distribute unwanted water away from a field. In this approach, the farmer calculates the best location to dig furrows or trenches. Depending on the objective, water will flow through these furrows and trenches towards the agricultural area, or the excess water will be driven away from the field. Dams can also be installed to help regulate water levels.
Drip irrigation works by delivering water directly to the roots of crops. This technique can be done manually or using drip valves, commonly known as drippers. Each dripper is strategically placed to benefit crops.
Localized irrigation generally means a piping system that distributes water in adequate quantities to the field. The location of these pipes is usually carefully planned in advance. Localized irrigation tends to bring water at low pressure so as not to flood the fields, while also providing the plants with the right amount of water.
Irrigation systems are another common form of field irrigation that is generally used to help keep crops healthy and increase their yields. Water is supplied through underground pipes to sprinklers located above ground. The sprinklers then spray the collected water onto the needed crops. There are also mobile sprinkler systems. They look like little robots and move around a field, distributing water to areas where it is needed.
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