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Freshwater aquaculture involves growing fish, invertebrates, and plants in ponds, cages, or recirculation systems. Tilapia is a popular fish for farming due to its hardiness and mild flavor, while trout requires more precise conditions. Ornamental fish and plants are also farmed, and aquaponics allows for a symbiotic system of growing fish and plants.
Freshwater aquaculture refers to the cultivation of freshwater plants and animals. Many types of fish, invertebrates and plants are farmed in freshwater aquaculture systems around the world. While most of these systems are used to grow food, there are types of freshwater aquaculture farms that specialize in raising fish and ornamental plants kept in aquariums and ponds.
There are three systems generally used in freshwater aquaculture. In the pond system, which is the simplest to install and maintain, farmers store young fish in existing or artificial ponds. Alternatively, a cage system can be installed in a natural body of water that is too large to facilitate harvesting. Technological developments have also made it possible for farmers to control the aquatic environment using a recirculation system. This system allows year-round large-scale production, but requires a large initial investment.
Tilapia, which grow quickly and are relatively hardy fish, are often raised in ponds, although they do well in any aquaculture system. With its mild flavor and high protein content, tilapia is a popular fish around the world. The fish reproduces quickly and eats almost anything, which makes breeding easier. In some parts of the world, tilapia is grown in rice paddies, saving space and giving many rural communities an extra source of protein and income. Crustaceans, including crayfish and shrimp, can be raised in rice paddies alongside tilapia.
Another commonly farmed type of fish is trout. Requiring more precise conditions than tilapia, trout are often reared in recirculating aquaculture systems. Farmed trout are commonly used to stock lakes, streams and reservoirs so that people can fish for them. Trout farms also sell fresh fish to supermarkets and markets.
Ornamental fish, from goldfish to cichlids, are bred and bred through the use of freshwater aquaculture. Using the same principles as larger recirculating systems, exotic fish breeders must control all aspects of the aquatic environment for less resistant species to thrive. Aquarium fish breeders provide fish for the pet trade.
Plants can also be grown in freshwater aquaculture systems. Aquarium and pond plants such as lotuses or water lilies are often grown in ponds or ponds. Additionally, many island communities have begun using aquaponic technologies, which allow freshwater fish and plants to be grown in a symbiotic system. In aquaponics, the waste created by fish, usually tilapia or catfish, provides the necessary nutrients for growing lettuce or other plants that can be eaten or sold.
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