Frontal lobe injuries can be caused by traumatic brain injury, disease, tumors, drug or alcohol abuse. Symptoms vary from poor impulse control to difficulty speaking and forming words. Treatment involves a range of medical professionals, and some patients may require hospitalization. Causes of injury include traumatic brain injury, disease, and drug abuse.
Frontal lobe injuries can include traumatic brain injury, injury caused by disease, tumors, and reactions to drug or alcohol abuse. The frontal lobe is a particularly important and complex part of the brain. Symptoms of frontal lobe injuries can be highly variable and can include anything from poor impulse control to aphasia, in which the patient has difficulty speaking and forming words. Treatment for such injuries may involve neurologists, psychiatrists, rehabilitation therapists, and a variety of other medical professionals. Some patients require hospitalization while receiving treatment, while others may be able to recover at home, sometimes with the assistance of a home health care provider.
Patients with frontal lobe injuries may exhibit poor judgment and difficulty speaking. Some patients have difficulty forming and retrieving memories and may also develop uncoordinated muscle movements. Emotional outbursts and difficulties with emotional regulation can also be problems for such patients. A doctor can evaluate the patient, recommend medical imaging, and perform blood tests to learn more about what is wrong with the patient’s brain.
A potential cause of an anterior lobe injury is a traumatic brain injury, which can be open or closed. In an open brain injury, also called a penetrating brain injury, something penetrates the skull, exposing its contents. A bullet wound, for example, is an open wound, as the bullet’s passage through the skull creates a hole. Blunt head injuries involve trauma to the brain without causing a break in the skull, such as when a patient falls and the brain slams into the inside of the skull. Both can be difficult to treat.
The disease may also be a factor in frontal lobe injuries. Degenerative brain diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, as well as neurological diseases like multiple sclerosis, are a problem. Patients can also develop infected abscesses in the brain due to persistent and aggressive infections. Cerebrovascular disease can also be a problem; the patient may be at risk of stroke and other complications due to damaged blood vessels in the skull.
Some mental illnesses may be associated with frontal lobe trauma, such as schizophrenia. In some cases, mental illness treatments are a potential risk factor. Electroconvulsive therapy, for example, is linked to frontal lobe injuries. Hydrocephalus, in which fluid builds up in the skull and puts pressure on the brain, is also a potential type of frontal lobe injury. Patients may also develop problems with the frontal lobe due to a drug overdose or chronic drug abuse.
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